Participating In Team Sports Helps to Develop Good Character

Participating in team sports helps to develop good character because sports involve team work, gaining of social experiences and helps relieve stress. Being on a sport team creates the opportunity to gain meaning full insight into one's self. This is the time to gauge reactions and learn appropriate responses to difficult situations. Athletes learn not to become defeated by a loss, but to dig in and believe they can win even when the score board says otherwise. It teaches each individual to stay balanced, the up and down of sport teaches athletes to stay on the axis and avoid circular emotions.When one takes a good look at the variety of benefits available to those who participate competitively in sports, one cannot help but see how comprehensive they are in the development of a well-rounded individual. I know of nowhere else that a person has the opportunity to gain so much, both on the inside and out, all from one place. Today, a significant number of people agree that, engaging in team sports help to develop good character, they have so many evidences to prove that. They frankly believe that, sports involve team work, gaining of social experiences and aid to relieve stress.Team work is very versatile character idiosyncrasy. It can be used in many parts of life, from sports to the workplace. Even team sport also encourages people to work with others, as they try to reach for the same goal. Team sports help to build character because they teach people discipline, how to work in a group and how to have the good sportsmanship. Character is developed through social activities such as sports. Sports injuries among youth sports organization may be a compelling argument, but studies shows that youth sports is a good form of psychology for children’s’ mind and body development, which leads to a healthier adulthood.Schools need to emphasize to a greater length to get children in sports at school, because most children go out and play in organized sports that take away time from their studies, because of the fact organized sports can also create demands and expectations that exceed the readiness and capabilities of young participants. Many professional athletes today played in high school sports along with organized sports to develop more skill for the game and to stay out of trouble with the law. Playing organized sports do have benefits also have consequences.Coaches push children to start lifting weights at a young age to develop strength this may cause a stun in growth, others are risk of injury like in baseball young pitchers can hurt their arms, how many pitchers should a youth athlete do, to many could damage the arm, where do coaches and leagues draw the line well in League Little eleven to twelve year olds cannot exceed 85 pitches a day. â€Å"The necessary commitment and intensity of training in some youth sports programs raise concerns about the sensibility and safety of high level athletics for any young athlete.Is impo rtant to avoid potential serious risk or injury, and make sure youth athletes not to excess training and competition† (American Academy of Pediatrics). Sports do build character in children starting at the right age many children can get ready for life, such values as these. One: Helps a child’s overall physical development. Two: Gives the child the opportunity to become familiar with his or her body and to learn the body’s need and limits. Three: Social interaction with their peers. Four: Teaches teamwork, cooperation and to follow the rules.Five: Gives parents the opportunity of offering the child unqualified support in playing sports. Six: Helps the child learn for him/herself if winning or losing is important. Seven: Helps the child gain acceptance and credibility among his or peers. These values were in a popular book for coaches who want to learn more about youth sports. Children gain plenty of self-esteem through playing sports. Self-esteem has been define d as the â€Å"level of global regard one has for the self† (Harter, 1993). For reasons like exercising helps self-esteem issues people feel better, look better, and less risk of injury. An attempt to investigate the possible benefits of exercise, researchers has asked whether exercise activity might be related to self-esteem and to body satisfaction. Indeed, body satisfaction might mediate any relationship between exercise activity and self- esteem (Vealey, 1992). Many teams exercise together in groups for young athletes to gain social interaction and also group conformity with his or her peers. Having confidences has a large amount to do with self-esteem, but where does a youth athlete get confidences in sports?Many places in sports for one is winning, teams who win gain confidences as a team and individuals with anything in life not just sports if an individual wins something no matter how little or big the prize is that individual gains some sort of confidences. Coaches h andle out individual awards to youth athletes along with league organizations that the children are playing in that can gain numerous confidences levels and achievements to last a lifetime. Difference between individual sports and team sports effects. What defines team sports from individual sports, team sports include, hockey, football, baseball/ softball, and basketball.Individual sports are the following, golf, swimming, gymnastics, and ice-skating just to name a few. There are effects from each sport being an individual playing a sport that person is to rely upon him or herself to perform well to their capabilities, whereas in a team sport much work go into teamwork and working well with others. Also Individual players have to hold a high stamina rating and be able to take command of the game well. If an athlete is aggressive that athlete shouldn’t play team sports where if that athlete plays an individual sport problems of aggression won’t arise.Now some team spor ts have individuals have games where they dominate the game by themselves, but the credit doesn’t go to that individual it is a team sport and a team effort. Individual sports are based and the individual who dominates the game will ultimate be declared the winner. In a team sports if the team is playing badly that team could still win the game based and other players performing to their needs. Which sport has more pressure the individual sports do because of the fact it is relied on just one person to win, but if that person can hold pressure well and love for individualism that is where they belong.Developmental advice regarding sports effects to parents to coaches? Parents are important agents of sport socialization for both their sons and their daughters. â€Å"Parents who value strenuous team sports are more likely to influence their children to join a team or at least participate in some kind of exercise, and spend less time in front of the TV or computer, a new study says† (Science Daily). Parents have been known to support their child in whatever sport it is they decide to play in; parents who are involved have a good correlation with the coach. Parents need to let the coaches be coaches and have their children listen and learn.Too many times parents get too involved with their children’s sports that it has led to the unwilling effort from children to play the game and to stop playing the sport all together. What causes children’s to quit playing sports is pressure from parents and sometimes their coaches. Best way is to let the child figure out on their if playing that sport is right for them if not to decide whether to keep playing or to end it all together maybe give another sport a try. Parents and coaches need to show sportsmanship during game and after game no matter what the outcome is this can rub off on youth athletes if poor sportsmanship is evident.Are there gender differences in sports effects on youth? Yes many youth athletes don’t get to play with siblings say if brother is playing his chances of playing with his sister are slim to nothing especially if the brother is a good athlete. Youth sports seem to segregate boys and girls from playing together. Women sports are not usually popular in mass media. Male sports is broadcasted everywhere on television. Girls playing sports can get frustrated by not seeing many women sports on television, by not seeing women playing sports on television or at events girls can be shied away from being involved with sports activities.Where boys can see and attend men sporting events to lead them wanting to play sports more. Is the redefinition of sex roles having on impact on the â€Å"male perspective† of sport? Women are entourage to play sports much more now than ever before, males have been known to watch women sports, like World Series of softball, women soccer, and women beach volleyball. I believe that participating in team sports help to develop serviceable character. Overall I can say that, it assists to develop discipline, which is something every person exigency to include in their lives.Even I believe that the good character is hard to develop. One of the main things that help to evolve good character considerably is team sports. People will develop how to work being with others even they will develop their ability of trusting someone. Team works provide confidence, dedication, fun, possible scholarships. More over team sports playing kids would accomplish better academic result compare to those who are individuals. That is the reason team sports develop good character. For a single player it is hard to target the goal but if they are all together then achieving the goal becomes easier.Being part of a team makes a person learn to not only work well with others but bond off the field. This preparation prepares athletes for when they go into the work world. Athletes tend to be a lot more social and outgoing an d work very well with other people. This is because they grow up learning to become friends with unknown people and work with them. The team oriented concept that is built into athletes plays such an important role of being confident and working well with others in the future.

Agricultural Tools Essay

Farmers in Medieval times did not have tractors or farm machines as we do today. All that a farmer needed was a horse or ox, a wife and a plough. The mould-board plough was invented after the fall of the Roman empire by Slavic tribes. This complicated device was made out of metal and wood. The design allowed six or more oxen to pull the plough which was used to break up ground, or heavy, clay burdened soils. The second invention was the horse collar. The old horse tackle was useless because an animal could not use its full strength. The new horse collar did allow horses to use their full strength when pulling a plough, or heavy loads. This created a big increase in the horse population, as the horse was more versatile a beast of burden than the ox. In later years people discovered the 3 field system from trial and error. The 3 field system was the system where a field was left fallow for a couple of years, depending on the quality of the soil, while two other fields were planted with crops. Farmers would then rotate fields leaving a different field fallow so that it could rebuild its fertility.

Person Centered Care

If you would like to contribute to the art and science section contact: Gwen Clarke, art and science editor, Nursing Standard, The Heights, 59-65 Lowlands Road, Harrow-on-the-Hill, Middlesex HA1 3AW. email: gwen. [email  protected] co. uk Person-centred care: Principle of Nursing Practice D Manley K et al (2011) Person-centred care: Principle of Nursing Practice D. Nursing Standard. 25, 31, 35-37. Date of acceptance: February 7 2011. SummaryThis is the fifth article in a nine-part series describing the Principles of Nursing Practice developed by the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) in collaboration with patient and service organisations, the Department of Health, the Nursing and Midwifery Council, nurses and other healthcare professionals. This article discusses Principle D, the provision of person-centred care. Authors Kim Manley, at the time of writing, lead, Quality, Standards and Innovation Unit, Learning & Development Institute, RCN, London; Val Hills, learning and development a dviser, RCN, Yorkshire and the Humber; and Sheila Marriot, regional director, RCN, East Midlands.Email: kim. [email  protected] ac. uk Keywords Nurse-patient relations, person-centred care, Principles of Nursing Practice These keywords are based on subject headings from the British Nursing Index. For author and research article guidelines visit the Nursing Standard home page at www. nursing-standard. co. uk. For related articles visit our online archive and search using the keywords.THE FOURTH Principle of Nursing Practice, Principle D, reads: ‘Nurses and nursing staff provide and promote care that puts people at the centre, involves patients, service users, their families and their carers in decisions, and helps them make informed choices about their treatment and care. ’ The provision of care that is experienced as right by the person receiving it is at the core of nursing practice. Principle D sets out to endorse and expand on this point, which is often summarised as providing person-centred care – a philosophy that centres care on the person and not only their healthcare needs.The King’s Fund uses the term NURSING STANDARD ‘the person in the patient’ to convey the same point (Goodrich and Cornwall 2008). There is a consensus that person-centred care equates with quality care (Innes et al 2006, Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2009), although the service users involved in developing the Principles indicated that they wanted to receive person-centred, and safe and effective care. Such inter-related care is based on best evidence, which is blended with the needs of the individual within specific contexts.Healthcare teams, healthcare provider organisations and governments often articulate an intention to deliver person-centred care. However, achieving it is often challenging and difficult to sustain. Achieving person-centred care consistently requires specific knowledge, skills and ways of working, a shared philosophy th at is practised by the nursing team, an effective workplace culture and organisational support. While all members of the nursing team endeavour to provide person-centred care, some nurses have more transient contacts with patients and those important to them.Examples include staff working in operating departments, general practice or outpatients. The challenges in these situations include skill in developing rapid rapport and ensuring that communication systems respect the essence of the person and protect his or her safety in a way that maintains person-centred values and continuity of care. Person-centred care can be recognised by an active observer or the person experiencing care. The following might be experienced or observed: 4 A focus on getting to know the patient as a person, his or her values, beliefs and aspirations, health and social care needs and preferences. Enabling the patient to make decisions based on informed choices about what options and april 6 :: vol 25 no 31 :: 2011 35 art & science principles series: 5 assistance are available, therefore promoting his or her independence and autonomy. 4 Shared decision making between patients and healthcare teams, rather than control being exerted over the patient. Enabling choice of specific care and services to meet the patient’s health and social care needs and preferences. 4 Providing information that is tailored to each person to assist him or her in making decisions based on the best evidence available.Assisting patients to interpret technical information, evidence and complex concepts and helping them to understand their options and consequences of this, while accessing support from other health and social care experts. 4 Supporting the person to assert his or her choices. If the individual is unable to do this for him or herself, then the nursing team or an appointed formal advocate would present and pursue the person’s stated wishes. 4 Ongoing evaluation to ascertain that care an d services continue to be appropriate for each person. This involves encouraging, listening to and acting on feedback from patients and service users. Other attributes of the nursing team include being professionally competent and committed to work, and demonstrating clear values and beliefs (McCormack and McCance 2010). In addition, nurses should be able to use different processes in the development of person-centred care: working with patients’ values and beliefs, engaging patients and mental health service users, having a sympathetic presence, sharing decision making and accommodating patients’ physical needs (McCormack and McCance 2010). People from minority ethnic groups often experience barriers to person-centred care.There is a need to understand the way in which different minority groups within local populations access information and how different cultural understandings, languages and communication styles influence perceptions of personalised care (Innes et a l 2006). A shared philosophy For person-centred care to achieve its full potential, the approach needs to be practised by the entire nursing team. This requires a shared philosophy and ways of working that prioritise person-centred behaviour, not only with patients and those that are important to them, but also within the team.The wellbeing of staff and the way in which they are supported also needs to be person-centred as staff wellbeing positively affects the care environment for staff and patients. For a shared philosophy to be realised in practice, person-centred systems and an effective workplace culture need to be in place (Manley et al 2007, McCormack et al 2008). Such systems focus not only on structures and processes, but also on the behaviours necessary to provide person-centred care. An effective workplace culture has a common vision through which values are implemented in practice and experienced by patients, service users and staff.This culture demonstrates adaptability and responsiveness in service provision, is driven by the needs of users and has systems that sustain person-centred values. Clinical leadership is pivotal in promoting effective cultures. This is achieved through modelling person-centred values, developing and implementing systems that sustain these values, encouraging behavioural patterns that support giving and receiving feedback, implementing learning from systematic evaluations of person-centred care and involving patients in decision making (Manley et al 2007).To determine whether person-centred care is being delivered or how it can be improved, workplaces need to use measures or methods that enable systematic evaluation to take place. These should be embedded within patients’ electronic NURSING STANDARD Knowledge, skills and ways of working Each member of the nursing team is expected to provide person-centred care, although the required knowledge, skills and competences may come from the wider nursing and healthcare t eam. Principle A, through its focus on dignity, respect, compassion and human rights, is the essential basis for providing person-centred care (Jackson and Irwin 2011).However, other qualities, such as the ability to develop good relationships are required: ‘The relationship between the service user and front line worker is pivotal to the experience of good quality/person-centred care/ support’ (Innes et al 2006). Developing good relationships with patients and colleagues requires team members to be self-aware and have well-developed communication and interpersonal skills. These skills enable the nursing team to get to know the person as an individual and enable other interdisciplinary team members to recognise these insights through effective documentation and working relationships.Getting to know the patient is a requirement for nursing expertise, but is also dependent on the way that care is organised (Hardy et al 2009). 36 april 6 :: vol 25 no 31 :: 2011 records to reduce the burden of data collection and analysis. The Person-centred Nursing Framework (McCormack and McCance 2010) identifies a number of outcomes that may inform these measures, including satisfaction with care, involvement in care, feeling of wellbeing and creating a therapeutic environment. The RCN (2011) recognises that different measures may already be in place to support evaluation of person-centred care.It is encouraging teams and organisations to submit their measures to the RCN for endorsement. The measures should meet certain criteria, for example they should be evidence-based, take into account stakeholder and other perspectives, and be practicable. Endorsed measures can be shared with others through the RCN website. Organisational support Innes et al (2006) made the point that organisations have an important role to play in enabling person-centred care through the promotion of user-led services. This can be achieved through overcoming bureaucratic structures such as in creased management and budget-led services.It is important that management provides support to the front line nursing team in its day-to-day work and recognises the importance of nurse-patient relationships to this endeavour. This support may be, for example, through initiatives that release time to care through lean methodology (a quality improvement approach that focuses on making processes more efficient and reducing waste) (Wilson 2010), and practice development methodologies associated with person-centred cultures (McCormack et al 2008). access clinic; service-users are seen weekly for a brief intervention (10-15 minutes).Service-users appreciate this alternative to the usual one-hour appointment every two weeks and find the approach less threatening. The clinic is run by a nurse prescriber who is able to titrate medication against need or therapeutic benefit while delivering high quality psychosocial interventions in a brief intervention format. The clinic is supported by a se rvice user representative. This representative gives confidence to service-users who may be lacking belief in their ability to achieve lifelong abstinence and provides service users with an introduction to other community based self-help support networks.After service users have engaged with the service through the quick access clinic, they progress to an appropriate level of key working intervention to meet their more complex needs. This initiative illustrates a number of elements of Principle D, including the use of a formal advocate service, drawing on a service representative, who supports the patient in his or her choices as well as helping him or her to assert his or her wishes. The approach provides a flexible service whereby clinical interventions are provided by a nurse practitioner, and complex needs are assessed quickly.The service user and the nursing team work in partnership to decide when the patient is ready to embark on the next level of interventions required to mee t the patient’s complex needs. Conclusion Principle D emphasises the centrality of the patient to his or her care. It requires skill from each member of the nursing team. The potential contribution of each member to person-centred care will be enhanced if everyone in the team is using the same approach. Such an approach requires a workplace culture where person-centred values are realised, reviewed and reflected on in relation to the experiences of both patients and staff NSCase study A good example of patient-centred care is illustrated by an initiative from a specialist drug and alcohol service at Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust. The nursing team treats drug users for an initial 12 weeks in a quick References Goodrich J, Cornwall J (2008) Seeing The Person in The Patient: The Point of Care Review Paper. The King’s Fund, London. Hardy S, Titchen A, McCormack B, Manley K (Eds) (2009) Revealing Nursing Expertise Through Practitioner Inquiry. Wiley -Blackwell, Oxford. Innes A, Macpherson S, McCabe L (2006) Promoting Person-centred Care at the Front Line. Joseph Rowntree Foundation,York. Jackson A, Irwin W (2011) Dignity, humanity and equality: Principles of Nursing Practice A. Nursing Standard. 25, 28, 35-37. Manley K, Sanders K, Cardiff S, Davren M, Garbarino L (2007) Effective workplace culture: a concept analysis. Royal College of Nursing Workplace Resources for Practice Development. RCN, London, 6-10. McCormack B, Manley K, Walsh K (2008) Person-centred systems and processes. In Manley K, McCormack B, Wilson V (Eds) International Practice Development in Nursing and Healthcare. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 17-41. McCormack B, McCance T (2010) Person-centred Nursing: Theory and Practice.Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford. Royal College of Nursing (2009) Measuring for Quality in Health and Social Care: An RCN Position Statement. http://tinyurl. com/ 6c6s3gd (Last accessed: March 16 2011. ) Royal College of Nursing (2011) Principles of Nursi ng Practice: Principles and Measures Consultation. Summary Report for Nurse Leaders. http://tinyurl. com/5wdsr56 (Last accessed: March 16 2011. ) Wilson G (2010) Implementation of Releasing Time to Care: the Productive Ward. Journal of Nursing Management. 17, 5, 647-654. NURSING STANDARD april 6 :: vol 25 no 31 :: 2011 37

How Sophocles' Oedipus exemplifies Aristotle's definition of a tragic Research Paper

How Sophocles' Oedipus exemplifies Aristotle's definition of a tragic hero - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that Sophocles’ Oedipus The King, is basically a tragedy about the life of its protagonist, Oedipus, son of Laius and Jocasta. The paper at hand focuses on exploring how Oedipus The King incorporates Aristotle’s Definition of a tragic hero, thus, ultimately making the play a tragedy. It also discusses and gives a brief overview of Aristotle’s philosophies regarding tragedy, tragic hero as well as drama. Furthermore, the paper overviews the origins of Oedipus The King and explains the various devices used in the play, such as the style, imagery, tone, recognition, reversal etc. Upon analyzing the drama, it becomes clear that Sophocles indeed exemplifies Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero through the key elements of Oedipus’ hamartia (tragic flaw), peripeteia, anagnorisis, downfall, getting more than what is deserved etc and the plot epitomizes tragedy through imitation, arousal of pity and fear in the audience and finally the experience of catharsis. The ancient Greeks saw theatre not only as a means of entertainment but also as a way to celebrate their gods, thus they promoted various theatrical performances. These performances were basically in the form of plays or drama, the latter of which is defined by Aristotle as â€Å"poems representing action† in his work named ‘Poetics’. Aristotle also talks about the classification of drama into â€Å"Tragedy and Comedy,† and furthermore, defines tragedy as the â€Å"imitation of an action that is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself.; in appropriate and pleasurable language;... in a dramatic rather than narrative form; with incidents arousing pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish a catharsis of these emotions† (University of Chicago Internet Project, n.d., p.1). According to this definition, on analysis of Oedipus the King, one can see imitation in the form that the performance i s a re-enactment of the whole story, and the main issue in the story is the conflict between fate and Oedipus’ choices or actions. This issue is serious as well as of great importance, and also, it is ‘complete in itself,’ that is, the theme or issue is followed throughout the story. The serious actions range from Oedipus killing his own father to him marrying his mother and in the end becoming a reason for her suicide as well. The point to be noted here is that all his actions, although resulting from fate, are still an outcome of his own decisions. The language used in the play is ‘appropriate and pleasurable’ in the sense that the comments of the chorus are different from that of others’ dialogs, as the former has different meters as well as rhythm and melody. The tone

One important way monopolistically competitors differentiate their Essay

One important way monopolistically competitors differentiate their products is by location - Essay Example One such strategy involves locating shopping areas, influenced by vacation trends of consumers. Such retailers establish shopping areas either at central areas of consumer’s trip or in vacation destinations. This locational strategy has been successful to the retailers. In the short term, retailers have increased sales during the vacation times. This is because consumers who have made vacation trips prefer doing their shopping at central points of their trip (Campbell 8). On the other hand, considering a long-term strategy, particularly when several factory retail outlets cluster together in an area, they become an attraction to shoppers. Such clusters are popular since this form of vacation retail is enjoyable to the consumers. It can be because many consumers usually treat themselves with shopping when travelling than when at home. Another retail strategy based on location involves the providence of convenience to consumers. This is in particular to urban centers where shopping is an activity to compete with other activities. As such, there is the need to save on time by the consumers (Campbell 9). Retail areas close in terms of location often have those goods in high demand such as liquor or video stores. However, also based on convenience, for other exotic goods, consumers prefer areas with clusters of stores. Such areas thus have high traffic flow in terms of consumers. In the short term, this strategy of situating shopping areas in the most convenient areas beams of success because consumers want value for their time and it enables them to shop for related items in the same area. This strategy will succeed in the long term. This can be related to the convenience created by clusters of shopping stores in various areas. Consumers prefer such areas since they will get goods they need all in one trip. It also helps to avoid the hustle of comparing goods for infrequent but costly

Fashion marketing Spanish group Inditex Assignment

Fashion marketing Spanish group Inditex - Assignment Example The essay "Fashion marketing Spanish group Inditex" discovers the marketing of the Spanish group Inditex. The mission statement of Bershka has always been to reach their customers within best possible short time, and to offer them quality of service at low prices. Bershka has also expanded their services to approach the customers through online selling. And today, the websites executing under Bershka are gaining advantage at excellent level. Swot analysis: (14Ju1) - Strength - strong management, pricing power, size and cost advantage, financial leverage and unique products. Weaknesses - work inefficiencies, high debt burden, high staff turnover, weak R&D and management, outdated technology and bad acquisitions. Opportunities - new technology, emerging markets, financial leverage, acquisitions synergies, new services, online markets and innovations. Threats - change in customer’s change, volatile costs, bad company, high competitive market, and bad economy, substitute products available in the market and government regulations. Product - high textile quality products are created along with the latest new designs. The products are designed keeping in mind the actual trends of the market. Finalized products are finely seal packed to keep safe. Besides clothing the brand also includes; accessories, apparels, bags, shoes, denim, Underwear & Lingerie. Prices - the prices of the products are set at a level of being available to the most common customers, holding average income. The prices are also kept same.

Ricksha-Child - Is It Normal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Ricksha-Child - Is It Normal - Essay Example The people sitting on a cart in the picture are physically sound. This also indicates soundness in wealth. There is a difference between the people sitting on cart putting their pressure on a small child who is not physically sound. This indicates a difference in strength between the two. Normally, labor is weak as compared to the rich. Poor people work hard while rich people sit in air-conditioned offices performing executive tasks and ordering others. While, the poor people work day and night in mines, factories, etc and in difficult surviving conditions to earn bread. This leaves bad results on their body. Poor ones cannot really afford to live better lives and proper medication. Poverty pushes them more into health problems and diseases. Healthy food and drinks are far from poor people as they eat anything with which they can survive. Health shows soundness. In this painting, a couple sitting on cart looks financially sound. It seems they have been enjoying healthy food and drink s and can afford whatever they like. On the other hand, the poor child seems physically weak and depressed. He seems to be hardly striving to stand as he is physically weak but carrying a burden of two fat people.Facial Expression: Facial expressions can easily be noticed in the painting. Couple sitting on a cart looks happy and enjoying their lives. They are living lavish lives and can afford all luxuries of lives. They can pay well to remain happy and to acquire all happiness. Their smiles show wealth. It seems they do not regret anything. They look happy. On the other hand, a child carrying their weight seems to be in deep pain and problem. His face illustrates pain, hardships, and difficulties. It seems the poor kid has not been enjoying his life at all. He looks fed up and in pain. It looks; he laughed a long time back. He looks suffering a lot of problems and obstacles in his life.

Ass 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ass 3 - Essay Example It cost the firm $180,500 to create the ad. A Mexican Company, Avocado also runs its commercials during Super Bowl events. Last year, the firm advertised a warm-weather fruit during the middle of winter. In a press release, the firm reported that it sold more than 70 million avocados in the United States. Avocado Mexico spends about $70,000 to create ads (OReilly & Lutz, 2015). McDonalds’s that has recently undergone a huge marketing refresh bids to turn around its sales. The firm has created a one-minute spot in order to promote its new ‘Pay with Loving Promotion.’ It cost the firm $130,000 to create the ad. The company would be selecting participants for the ‘Pay with Loving’ at some of its stores. The firm aims at increasing its sales. To that effect, during the Super Bowl match pitting Seahawks and New England Patriots an estimated 110 million people watched the game (LeBeau, 2015). Therefore, the advertisers expected their products to be known to the more than 100 million people who were watching the match. An increase in product awareness may result in increased sales. However, the Super Bowl ads are only limited to American broadcasts. All the three firms: Avocado Mexico, Coca-Cola, and McDonald’s created 60-second. The cost of creating a 30-minute advert is about $37,500 in Super Bowl and $4.5 million in Super Bowl XLIX. It implies that the cost of a one-minute commercial is between $76,000 and $9 million in Super Bowl and Super Bowl XLIX, respectively. Coca-Cola used $740,000, Macdonald’s $240,000, and Avocado Mexico $100,000 (OReilly & Lutz, 2015). Considering the huge crowds that follow Super Bowl, most firms expect the huge viewership to translate into sales due to expanded customer base. In 2015, the game’s viewership was at a record 114.4 million. The companies expect to recoup their costs from the resulting revenue. However, the

New Product Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

New Product Development - Essay Example However, the only set back that this business is facing is that the products are perishable which prompts manufacturers to get the best ways to avail these products to the market segment before they get spoiled. Another setback is that, at the market, manufacturers must hope that consumers purchase the products fast before they get perished (Nickels, 2010). However, apart from natural juices, large industries are also manufacturing these items on a large scale. These can be found in supermarkets and other large shops. With good storage methods, these items are can take very many months. However, the only demerit of these industrially manufactured juices is that they have additional additives apart from the natural elements of these juices. These juices are normally packed in well sealed packets and bottles, unlike those manufactured on small scale that is not sealed permanently. This paper analyses how the demand of these products can be determined in the market segment so that manuf acturers are able to make adjustments. Why fruit/vegetable juices? Nutritional experts advocate for fruit and vegetable juices due to their nutritional content especially for patients with nutritional derangements and those with nutritional disorders. Many infections in children and old people result from nutritional impairments. Children and old people are the most susceptible populations in the populations due to their weaker immunity. As a result of this, it becomes necessary for parents to ensure that they get the required nutrition. Fruit and vegetable juices have high vitamin contents and also provide this population with trace elements that are not available in most food substances. Failure to provide this population with nutrients will lead to malnourishment and weakened immunities which make them susceptible to immune infections. Even patients with serious infections like HIV/ AIDS are advised to take these juices since they add important nutrients in their bodies that assi st their weak bodies to fight opportunistic infections. Apart from this, fruit juices are the most refreshing soft drinks available, hence, are used by people of various populations and in different quarters. For example, when going to cinemas, it has become a hobby for many to carry these juices due to the refreshing feeling they give to its users. The same applies to sports fans that carry these juices to act as refreshments during sports matches. As a result of this, demand for these products is immense, which has prompted manufacturers and all stakeholders to determine the best ways to promote sales, and at the same time pleasing their customers. Demand for new fruit products When determining and investigating the demand by consumers for new products, manufacturers of these juices need to examine the optimal market segment for these products. Vegetable and fruit juices are extensively bought by the nutritionally deranged, the young generation that attends sports and other relate d events and families in urban settings. Therefore, through studying this optimal market segment, manufacturers will be able to gauge the extent that their products are doing good in the, market place setting (Crane, 2010). For example, by observing sales of these products in a supermarket, manufactures will be able to find out whether their products are doing well or not (Birt, 2010). Another way for manufacturers of

Babies Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Babies - Research Paper Example San Francisco is located in Northern California, and is considered a cultural hub. It is located at the tip of Pacific Cost, and has a hilly terrain that is beautiful to watch. The city is also a major attraction for tourist from all over the world. The population of the city is about 7.5 million people and is the most densely populated cities of United States (United States Census Bureau, 2012). San Francisco is a multi cultural society with many ethnicities, among which Whites, Asians, and Chinese are noteworthy. The main religious group of the region is of Catholic Christians but other religions are also practiced. Apartments are the main type of housing in the city. The infant mortality rate is low in San Francisco and average life expectancy is high. This is because of the better health care facilities available in the city. The literacy level of the city is also good compared to the rest of the cities of the country. Agricultural products are the main exports of California (California Department of Food and Agriculture, 2007). The city is also famous for its financial activities and research in different areas like biotechnology. The poverty rate of the city is lower than the average poverty rate of United States. Opuwo is a small city which is a located in Namibia. The city has a dry and mountainous terrain. The city is mainly inhabited by the Himba Tribe which is an ethnic group of the region. The main God of the Himba Tribe is Mukuru, although other Gods are also worshipped by the Himba Tribe (Crandall, 2000). The population of the Opuwo city is not very significant and is not more than a few thousand residents. Exact population is difficult to account for because of the lack of census in the region. The people of Opuwo live in small houses and huts. The infant mortality rate is high much like other African countries and average life expectancy is low. This is because of the lack of medical and health care facilities. The literacy level is

Public Goods Essay Example for Free

Public Goods Essay We are very much familiar with this line â€Å"I believe the children are our future, teach them well and let them lead the way†. Children are considered the hope of every nation for they will soon become our leaders. We all want our children to get everything they deserve to get, receive fair treatment and have high quality education because this will help them contribute to the welfare of the society, they are a good investment. But not all parents have the capacity to provide even the most basic needs of their children. Sometimes we wish children were just valued as a public good. A public good is a term used by economists to refer to a product (i. e. , a good or service) of which anyone can consume as much as desired without reducing the amount available for others. ( Public Goods: A Brief Introduction). Myra Stober suggested in her article that children must be raised and guided collectively so the nation as a whole will benefit from them not just their parents. If that happens, equality among children can be accomplished and the nation will prosper a lot from them. However, if this will be implemented it can lead to market failure where uncoordinated markets driven by parties working in their own self interest are unable to provide these goods in desired quantities. (Wikipedia) Considering children as a public good is only an alternative and should not be considered the best solution because is not the best remedy to proper child care. Meeting their needs cannot be done in a snap because it takes a lot of consideration to do so. Works Cited The Linux Information Project (LINFO) â€Å"Public Goods: A Brief Introduction† Web . 16 Feb 2006. 29 July 2010 http://www. linfo. org/public_good. html Public Good. Wikipedia. org. 29 July 2010. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Public_good

A modern audience Essay Example for Free

A modern audience Essay But her marriage to will is all a practical arrangement as she is good at her job and Will is a skilled craftsman. As this partnership moves on the pair become more successful, they manage to pay back Mrs Hepworth the loan she gave then to get started and we see a more romantic side to Maggie as she saves a flower from her wedding day bouquet.  I thought Id press it in my bible  For keep sake A factor about Maggie that would appeal to a modern audience is that she is very intelligent. She controls the accounts and organises everything at Hobsons. She taught Will to read and write, because Will was born into the lower class she was not properly educate and so he was illiterate but Maggie changed that by educating him herself:  Ill just set you a short copy, for tonight.  Maggie is honest and fair, when Albert and Freddy are trying to get more money than they agreed out of Mr Hobson, she knows he cannot afford what they are asking and so she gets them down to a more realistic price:  I know perfectly well what father can afford to pay, and it is not a thousand pounds nor anything like a thousand pounds. Maggie is also humble because she is not afraid to ask for help when she needs it. She asks Mrs Hepworth for money as her and will havent got any from their previous jobs because Hobson didnt pay Maggie and Will came from a lower class and had little pay, all to get married and start up a good business  Weve paid back Mrs Hepworth what she lent us for our start and made a bit o brass on top o that.  At the beginning of the play Will lacked self-confidence and he was poor. He was also a victim of Hobsons exploitation:  What does she want to praise workmen to his face for? But Will is a talented craftsman and a skilled worker which is why Mrs Hepworth complimented him and asked that he makes her shoes in the future:  These are the best-made pair of boots Ive ever had. Now, youll make my boots in future.  This is a great compliment for a working class man because they were not often praised for their work and didnt often do so well. This is a point about Will that would appeal to a modern audience.  Will, like many other working class in the 1880s could not read at the start of the play but due to Maggies help he learns how to read and write. By starting up his own business shows he is a good business man and he pays off Mrs Hepworth the money back she lent the couple to get the business started. Weve paid off Mrs Hepworth what she lent us for our start.  Will is from a working class background; he is one of Hobsons boot hands and suffers social prejudice from Maggies sisters Alice and Vicky but now is near equal class to them but they still see him form a lower class and treat him with a lack of respect  Will Mossop do you know who you are talking to?  As the play progresses Wills confidence increase as he now dares to stand up to Hobson, Alice, Vicky and Maggie  Ill take you into partnership and give you a half share. The Audience may find Wills character comical due to his sayings Well by gum  And make the viewers laugh. When Maggie tells Will she wants to marry him he is a bit worried at tries to back down from the proposal because he did not love her, but they get their partnership up and running and as the story continues he realises that he can learn to love and give Maggie the respect she needs to create a successful business. From the start to the end of the play Will Mossop changes a lot. He went from working in Hobsons cellar to owning his own successful business and being married to Maggie. His main change was that he went from poverty to being a member of the working/middle class. By doing this he has made his way up the social ladder, which was very hard to do in the 19th century. Wills struggle could be compared to a dream going from rags to riches. In my opinion this would be the most important factor about Will that would appeal to a modern audience.  Maggies determination to make a success of hers and Willies marriage and the business that they start would make her popular with a modern audience because she did not really love Will when they were married, but she had to do something to get away from Mr Hobson, her authoritarian father and she also managed to get her sisters married.

Internal Rate Of Return And Net Present Value Finance Essay

Internal Rate Of Return And Net Present Value Finance Essay In every business, investment appraisal is the very important part. Accounting rate of return (ARR), Payback period (PP), Net present value (NPV), Internal rate of return (IRR), and Profitability index (PI) are the different types of investment appraisal methods. In investment decisions, time is a very vital feature. ARR and PP do not take into consideration the time value of money, and do not give an indication of the amount of capital investment required. NPV, IRR, PI are consider the time value of money and the discounted cash flow techniques. It measures the cash inflows and outflows of a project as if they occurred at a single point in time so that they can be compared in an appropriate way. These are the best methods to use for long-run decisions. Since, IRR and NPV incorporate all the cash flows and time value of money, these criteria can be used to reflect capital investment proposals strategic orientation. It is often assumed that higher is better for both of the net present value and the internal rate of return.   It is usually stated that investments with higher IRR are more profitable than investments with lower IRR. However, this is not essentially so.   In some situations, an investment with a lower IRR may be better, even judged on narrow financial grounds, than an investment with a higher IRR. This interactive lecture explores why and when this reversal takes place. To review, both the NPV and the IRR require the idea of an income stream, so lets start there. An income stream is a series of amounts of money. Each amount of money comes in or goes out at some specific time, either now or in the future.   The income stream represents the investment; the income stream is all you need to know for financial evaluation purposes. In real life, individuals, charitable institutions, and even for-profit businesses have social or other goals when selecting investments.   For businesses, the benefits of community good will are no less real for being difficult to measure precisely.   For enterprises with social as well as financial goals, the measures discussed here are still useful:   They tell you how much it costs you to advance your social goals. In here, FIRMEX Corporation is allowing for undertaking two projects. The two projects will be evaluated using the discounted cash flow methods to decide on, which project is to be selected. Net Present Value (NPV) The Net Present Value analyzes the profitability of a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time, using the discount rate (Horngren, et al.,1997). Discount rate is the minimum acceptable rate of return on an investment. It is the return that the organization could expect to receive elsewhere for an investment of comparable risk. NPV is a better method of appraising investment opportunities than Accounting rate of return (ARR) and Payback Period (PP), because it takes account of the time value of money and also includes all the relevant cash flows irrespective of when they are expected to occur (McLaney and Atrill, 2002). Appraisal using NPV NPV is positive when the discounted cash inflows exceed the discounted cash outflows, and so a proposal is acceptable if it has a positive NPV. When evaluating two or more mutually exclusive proposals, the one with the highest positive NPV should be accepted. In the given case, NPV of Project B is much higher than that of Project A. So, Project B is preferable. Internal Rate Of Return (IRR) Internal rate of return is another discounted cash flow technique. It is the discount rate at which the present value of expected cash inflows from a project equals the present value of expected cash outflows of the project. That is, IRR is the discount rate yielding a zero NPV (Upchurch, 1998). Appraisal using IRR : A project is accepted only if the internal rate of return exceeds the companys cost of capital. If it is less than the cost of capital, the project should be rejected. While evaluating two competing projects, the one with the higher IRR should be selected. In the given case, we will get two IRR values for Project A, and so this project cannot be evaluated using IRR. Whereas, the IRR of Project B is much higher than the companys cost of capital, and therefore it can be selected. Profitability Index: Profitability index is the total present value of future net cash flows of a project divided by the total present value of the net initial investment (Horngren, 1997). It measures the cash flow return per dollar invested. It is very useful in choosing among projects when the investment funds are limited, because it can identify the projects that will generate the most money from the limited capital available. Conclusion: NPV is the technically superior criteria, because IRR is calculated by trial and error method, and so the results are less precise. Also, IRR do not consider the size of the investment required and the gain/loss which will result from undertaking or not undertaking a project. It is therefore difficult to use IRR for comparing competing proposals, and there is a possibility that both NPV and IRR will give conflicting indications. IRR is also unable to cope with a change in the cost of capital during the life of a project. But, NPV can accommodate such a change. Another problem with IRR is that some projects may have more than one IRR, which makes it a meaningless criterion while evaluating that project. In FIRMEX Corporation, Project A has got two IRR values. So, IRR cannot be used for evaluating this project. The other two criteria, NPV and profitability index are higher for Project B . IRR for Project B is also higher than the companys cost of capital.

Charlotte Temple Essay :: essays research papers

The Tabloid of the Century (1800’s -1900’s) The general reason I think Charlotte Temple stayed on the best seller list for so many years is because the subjects that were discussed in the book were taboo in that day and time. Montraville was a soldier in the army who was about twenty three years old, and Charlotte was only fifteen. He was much older than Charlotte. Montraville influenced her in evil ways; he impressed her with his knowledge of love and the world by writing her a letter and giving it to her personally . Montraville knew this was forbidden but gave it to her anyway. " Tis a romantic attempt," said he,"and should I even succeed in seeing and conversing with her, it can be productive of no good: I must of necessity leave England in a few days and probably may never return; why then should I endeavor to engage the affections of this lovely girl, to leave her prey to a thousand inquietudes, of which at present she has no idea? I will return to Portsmouth and think no more about her"( Rowson 11 ). Montraville went against his judgment. He knew that her parents would be angry if they knew that their daughter was having a relationship with a man! He was supposed to be a responsible soldier: an honorable man that would not do this kind of thing! But he would continue to see her. He even paid her guardian so she would keep bringing her to see him. " He soon pund means to ingratiate himself with her companion, who was a French teacher at the school, and, at parting, slipped a letter he had written into Charlotte’s hand, and five guineas into that of Mademoiselle, who promised she would endeavor to bring her young charge into the field again the next evening" (Rowson 11). Montraville was influenced himself by Belcore who was evil. When Montraville and Charlotte would meet, he would bring Belcore along to entertain Charlotte’s guardian, La Rue. "...he had wisely brought Belcore with him to entertain Mademoiselle while he could have an uninterrupted conversation with Charlotte. ... Belcore... possessed a genteel fortune and had a liberal education; Dissipated, thoughtless, and capricious, he paid little regard to the moral duties, and less to religious ones: eager in the pursuit of pleasure, he minded not the miseries he inflicted on others, provided his own wishes, however extravagant, were gratified.

The Great Depression Possible Leads to Its Cause :: essays papers

The Great Depression Possible Leads to Its Cause The Great Depression is known as the worst economic disaster of our time. While this fact is accepted throughout the world, a specific cause to this disaster remains a mystery. Maybe there is no one certain reason. Maybe it was a result of widespread factors causing the world-wide recession. Overproduction, World War I, and the banking system were all origins of the Great Depression. Thanks to the "roaring twenties," consumers of the late twenties were very confident. They didn't care to spend. To complement the increased spending, producers began to spend more as technology improved production speeds and costs. Author T.H. Watkins says "more and better goods were produced during this time (the 1920's), than at any time in history" (45). With slightly increasing wages, consumers bought as much as their wallet would allow them. However, they couldn't afford to purchase all that was produced and overproduction occurred. Even though overproduction occurred, that still wasn't enough to cause this stagnant economic recession. World War I was partly to blame because it had made the international economy unstable. Though Great Britain was the national creditor before the war, devastating circumstances made G.B. needy for some finances instead. In fact, much of the continent of Europe had been destroyed. Factories, farms, and homes were all brought to the ground as the battle between nations began. By the end of the war, the United States was the least harmed of the Allied nations. The United States didn't lose near the lives but it did lose a lot of money. After the war, nations still sought cash to repair their tarnished homelands. The United States and its supposed booming economy became the lender to many countries. These loans couldn't be repaid. In fact, Europe even relied on U.S. loans to purchase U.S. goods. With the foreign trade market in a downward spiral, it was evident that harsh times were soon to come. As Paul Gusmorino illustrates on his web page, by 1929, ten percent of American gross national product went into exports. When the foreign nations discovered they couldn't afford to buy U.S. goods, U.S. exports fell a drastic thirty percent seemingly overnight. The $1.5 billion lost in foreign sales between 1929 to 1933 was one-eighth of all lost American sales, Gusmorino concludes. So, as the world economy became a nightmare, the banking system of the United States also became a disgust.

Unequal But Not Separate :: Essays Papers

Unequal But Not Separate Enemy fire whizzes by, hitting the walls around behind me. The spent shells are scattered at my feet. The smell of death and gunpowder tantalizes my nose. In the distance I can hear the chopper hovering. All I can do is pray that it reaches us in time. Enemy fire begins again. I am lost in the smoke and confusion. Then Private Jackson falls to the ground behind me. He has been hit. Now his life is entrusted to me. The chopper is now hovering across the field about 100 yards away. I tuck my gun away and reach down to grab him. I try to put him over my shoulder, but I can’t lift him. I start to drag him toward the chopper. I struggle for about 25 yards. The pilot is waving me on, motioning me to hurry. I don’t have the strength. I can’t go any farther. The chopper has to go, it can’t wait any longer. I am alone with Private Jackson looking up at me in disbelief, knowing it is my fault we will both be dead in a matter of minutes. The military, the nation an d Private Jackson all had trusted me to make it and I had failed. Trust. It is the bond that holds our great military together. When this trust is broken our nation, as a whole will suffer the consequences. A soldier must have complete faith that his fellow soldiers, both male and female, will do their job so that he can focus on his. But what happens when double standards are employed for female soldiers? Can one expect a male soldier to completely trust her ability to complete her tasks as a soldier? The soldier knows full well that his female comrade didn’t have to perform the necessary physical tasks to the same standards that he did. How can one have confidence in her abilities if her performance would have been unacceptable had she been a male? The thread of trust begins to unwind once a soldier question another’s abilities. That is why one uniform standard had been in place throughout history. A soldier knew that the every other soldier could perform tasks to the same standard that he had. They had a common trust that held the m together. Now, with gender norming, the double standards used to ensure women pass the physical tests, we put the trust that held our military together in jeopardy.

Retail Sector Opportunity and Threats

Indian retail industry is dividing into organized and unorganized sectors. Organized retailing refers to trading activities undertaken by licensed retailers, that is, those who are registered for sale tax, income tax, etc. these include the corporate-backed hypermarket and retail chains, and also the privately owned large retail businesses. Unorganized retailing, on the other hand, refers to the traditional formats of low-cost retailing for example, the local kirana shops, owner manned general stores, paan shops, convenience shop, hand cart and pavement vendors, etc. Opportunity: * India is among 10 largest retail markets in the world. * Urbanization * Location advantage. * Falling real estate cost * E-retailing * Changing consumer habits and lifestyles. * The retail sector in India is worth USD 394 billion and is growing at the rate of 30% annually. * India is the least competitive as well as least saturated of all major global market. This implies that there are significantly low entry barriers for players trying to setup base in India in term of the competitive landscape. A good talent pool, unlimited opportunities, huge markets, and availability of quality raw materials at cheaper cost is expected to make India overtake the world’s best retail economies by 2040, according to industry players. * Currently, the market share of organized modern retail is just over 4 percent of the total retail industry, thereby leaving a huge untapped opportunity. * The composition of the Indian population is shifting towards the age group of 20-49 i. e. the working population with purchasing power. As per a Mckinsey report, of the current 204 million households in India, about 13 million households have the income to prop up growth of organized retail and this consumer segment is expected to grow at over 20% annually in the next eight years. * Rising disposable income: The second fastest growing economy has provided new employment avenues and the same have resulted in increase in number of people in the earners category. Increasing instances of double incomes in most families coupled with the rise in spending power is further fuelling growth in consumption and in turn growth of the retail sector. Shopping convenience: Apart from the population that has desire and ability to spend, the other factors that have patronized modern retail or organized retail is the convenience of shopping and wide variety. Threats * Inflation. * Lack of differentiation among the malls that are coming. * The industry is facing a severe shortage of talente d professionals, especially at the middle-management level. * Most Indian retail players are under serious pressure to make their supply chains more efficient in order to deliver the level of quality and service that consumers are demanding. Long intermediation chain would increase the costs by 15 percent. * Lack of adequate infrastructure with respect to roads, electricity has further led to the impediment of a pan-India network of suppliers. Due to these constraints, retail chains have to restore to multiple vendors for their requirements, thereby, raising costs and prices. * Retailing is yet to become a preferred career option for most of India’s educated class that has chosen sector like IT, BPO and financial services. * Policy related issues Lack of industry status for retail. * Numerous license, permits and registration requirement. * Farmer and retailer unfriendly APMC act. * Limited consumer insight * Lack of detailed region specific customer data. * Less data on spending pattern. * Inadequate human resources * Lack of trained personnel at all level. * Stringent employment and industry laws. * Fragment approach to human resources. * Taxation hurdle * Inconsistent octopi and entry tax structure. * Vat and m ultiple taxation issues. * Large grey market presence.

American Dreams

The America dream is the dream of a land in which life is better, richer, and fuller for everybody. It is a land full of opportunities for everyone according their ability or achievement. It does not mean motor cars or high pays, but a dream of social orderliness where every person is able to achieve their full status of which they are naturally capable, and be known by for their abilities, irrespective of unexpected conditions of birth or position (Chu, para. 1). American dream coupled with escape from maltreatment in other people’s home country has always been the main driving force for immigrants to move to America.Throughout history, America has always been viewed by many as a place of numerous opportunities and easy life. By 20th century the American dream had started attracting a good number of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe. A substantial number of Italians, Poles, Greeks, Jews, Russians, and others moved to America to look for greener pastures (Adamson, p. 134). Chinese immigration to the US In many ways, the drive of the Chinese to move to the United States is quite the same as those of other immigrants.Others came to the US to live while some came so as to look for better economic opportunity (Daniels, p. 156). There is the third group of the immigrants who left China as contract laborers or refugees. As they came to the US, they brought their language, culture, and social institutions and customs. For the years they stayed in the US, they made permanent contributions to their new country and strived to become integral part of the American population (Ashabranner, p. 80). Chinese immigration can be grouped into three periods.The first group started moving to American in 1847 which was a short period after the California Gold Rush and stopped suddenly with the enactment of Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. During this time, most Chinese who were mainly young males left their homes in rural China to the west of America to become laborer s. These young Chinese were hired to mine metals and minerals, construct railroads networks, salvage swamplands, build irrigation system, and operate highly competitive manufacturing industries and other jobs.Towards the end of 1882, the number of Chinese immigrants in the US were totaling to about 110,000 (Thernstrom, para. 6). The second period of immigration began in 1882 to 1965. During this time, immigration to the US was restricted and only diplomats, merchants, and students together with their dependents were allowed to move to the US. This period was also characterized by exclusion of Chinese Americans to ghettos which were popularly known as Chinatowns. These seclusions were found in major cities as well as isolated areas in the rural areas all over America (Jaynes, p. 320).Chinese in America during this period were not accorded democratic rights and this meant that they had to rely on courts and diplomatic channels to protect themselves. The Civil Rights Movement of 1965, more particularly the passage of Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Immigration and Nationality of 1965 opened a new chapter in the lives of Chinese American immigrants. As a result of these acts, Chinese were relieved from the vice of racial discrimination which they were experiencing before. The acts brought back the basic rights which the Chinese were denied there before (Ashabranner, p. 93).Under these new laws, many Chinese moved to the US every year to get together with their families and young Chinese organized movements to demand for racial equity and social justice (Adamson, p. 150). The third period of Chinese immigration to the US started in 1970s to the present time. During this period there were two groups of Chinese who moved to the US. The first group consisted of highly selected and well educated Chinese while the second group consisted of those Chinese who left their country to seek asylum in the US as a result of political instability or repression which was happening in East and Southeast Asia.There was also a third minor group which consisted of ethnic Chinese from Vietnam and Cambodia who left their country because of poverty and ethnic cleansing (Hoobler, para. 3). The type of settlement which was adopted by the Chinese was determined by racial segregation and economic development. Before the passage of Chinese Exclusion Act, the pattern of settlement was determined by economic development in western estates. Western economy was largely dependent on mining and railroad construction and as a result of this, majority of Chinese immigrants settled in California and states which were to the west of Rocky Mountains.Decline in these industries coupled with increasing anti Chinese feelings, Chinese left and shifted to import-export businesses and service manufacturing industries in towns like San Francisco, new York, Boston, Philadelphia, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Seattle. By 20th century, about 80% of the people who inhabited Chinatown in big cities in the US were Chinese (Ashabranner, p. 100). The Chinese American was viewed by the whites as people who cannot get assimilated and were denied this chance through exclusion and denial of citizenship.The Congress and the judiciary made decisions which made Chinese ineligible for naturalization and this made them politically disenfranchised in a country which was thought to be democratic. Chinese Americans developed their roots in Chinatowns, fought racism through forceful litigations, and took active roles in economic development projects and political movements to civilize China. Assimilation was perceived as something which could not be attained (Adamson, p. 370). In 19th century, most Chinese had given up and did not see the reason to continue staying in America.Because of this new mentality, they adapted to hardship and racial discrimination and turned to their lifestyle (Chu, para. 5). The Chinese lifestyle meant living modestly, observing Chinese customs and festivals which i ncluded family associations, sending remittance to the people left at home such as parents, wives, and children. Parents tried to inculcate Chinese language and culture in their children by sending them to Chinese schools within the community or back in China.They also encouraged them to excel in American education and the most important role they played in the lives of their children was to arrange for marriages between them (Daniels, p. 200). The Chinese also became members of social organizations and family associations that had a collective interest and protected the welfare of people who had the same family name. The organizations acted to mediate and solve conflicts, assist in securing jobs and housing, build schools and temples and fund social and cultural events.These activities brought mixed blessing to the community and in some situations, they became so powerful and oppressive to an extent of blocking social and political progress (Wu, para. 9). There are many aspects of Chinese food and items which have been incorporated into the American society and are still being used. Chinese tea became a famous beverage during the 18th and the 19th century. From 1960s, Chinese cuisine was introduced into the American diet (Takaki, para. 7). Chinese restaurants are scattered all over America in large and small cities.Main ingredients for preparing Chinese foods are now available in most supermarkets and lessons of Chinese cooking are common programs in televisions (Ashabranner, p. 130). The American dream which drove most Chinese to come to America was a mere fiction. The Chinese immigrants who migrated to America during the 19th century were faced with a lot of hardships which were contrary to the dream (Adamson, p. 500). They worked as laborers in the expanding American industries. Chinese laborers were very useful in California more so during the civil war.They served in wool mills, cigar, shoe, and garment industries. Chinese businessmen started their facto ries which competed with the whites’ factories. Chinese constituted about a quarter of labor force in California. Their labor was also sought all over America because it was cheap the slaves had been freed and there was labor deficit. Chinese were the first people to claim California gold fields which encouraged most people to move to the west. The Chinese were the people who started the period of railroad building.Several railroads they built in America facilitated opening of the valuable resources in most of the states. The lands where they lived on were transformed into farms which they cultivated, planted and harvested most of their food crops. They established vineyards, orchards, and ranches which were very important because they supplied fruits and vegetable to the major towns. The Chinese expertise was admired and imitated by other farms. Through the coming of the Chinese, the west of the country became independent and no longer relied on the east for products since t hey could was able to produce their own products.Through the hardships that the Chinese passed through while in America, it is worth noting that it is not possible to move to another county and feel comfortable as if you are in your own country (Chu, para. 9). Works cited: Adamson, Lynda G. , Literature connections to American history, K-6: resources to enhance and entice. California: ABC-CLIO, 1998. 542 pages. Ashabranner, Brent, Still a Nation of Immigrants. New York: Cobblehill Books, 1993. 131. Chu, Daniel, Passage To The Golden Gate. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc. , 1967.Daniels, Roger, Guarding the Golden Door: American Immigration Policy and Immigrants since 1882. New York: Hill & Wang: 2005. 344. Hoobler, Dorothy, The Chinese American Family Album. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994. Jaynes, Gerald David, Immigration and race: new challenges for American democracy. Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2000. 327 pages. Takaki, Ronald, Journey to Gold Mountain. New Yo rk: Chelsea House Publishers, 1989. Thernstrom, Stephen, Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1980. Wu, Dana Ying-Hui, Coming to America. Brookfield: Millbrook Press, 1993.

How and Why Is the Grotesque Used in Tennessee Williams’ a Streetcar Named Desire Essay

Throughout this semester, we were introduced to varying degrees of literary styles and themes. From the epiphanies discovered through American Realism, to the skepticism explored through Literary Modernism, to the conflicts of social conformity and individualism approached by a Post-Modernistic America and its writers. We have had the great opportunity of being exposed to individuals who questioned and pushed the boundaries of creativity and expression. Tennessee Williams was an author and playwright who balanced the enigmatic, macabre, and often cruel disintegration of his characters with a poetic grace. He became the keystone of a style that is known as Southern Gothic. A Streetcar Named Desire became the quintessential manifestation of the grotesque through the unraveling of the â€Å"Old South†. More specifically, his themes on the conflict between the â€Å"sensitive, non-conformist† individual against conventional society, the disintegration of the southern woman, and the divergence between southern gentiles and northern brutality to which all of Williams’ characters contributed to in some degree. The grotesque style of literature supplies the reader with a historical as well as social perspective. This provides a metaphorical reference to the â€Å"dying† South and the struggle to exist against the progressive ideals of the North, all the while, fraught with trying to keep the Southern identity and dignity intact. It is stated that â€Å"A common description (of the grotesque) has to do with causation: Southern grotesque is often said to be the literary aftermath of historical misfortune. (Presley 37). If we take into account the surrounding setting of the play, â€Å"†¦a two-story corner building on a street in New Orleans which is named Elysian Fields and runs between the L & N tracks and the river (Elysian Fields is a New Orleans street at the northern tip of the French Quarter, between the Louisville & Nashville railroad tracks and the Mississippi River. In Greek mythology the Elysian Fields are the abode of the blessed in the afterlife. ) The section is poor but, unlike corresponding sections in other American cities, it has a raffish charm† (Klinkowitz & Wallace 2187), the reader is thrust into the ensuing chaos before any of the characters are even introduced. Williams was very particular about each detail with regards to the style in which he was writing. The drama is not only a result of the surroundings, but is a symbiotic portrayal of the daily lives that exist within the grotesque. â€Å"The disorders are threefold: narcissism, familial conflict, and dream- like confusion†: (Presley 37). The Southern Gothic, grotesque style of writing can best be characterized by the profound ability of an author to evoke feelings of disgust while contrarily evoking feelings of compassion among his/her audience as well as between the characters within the work. These emotions are presented and contained within, what seems to be, a lost individual. This character may also display traits of incontinence due to physical or mental incapability. â€Å"Literature of the grotesque, according to the authoress, is distinguished by a moral or theological vision not usually associated with realistic works. Freaks appear in her fiction, she said, to reflect quite simply what man is like without God† (Presley 38). In keeping with the grotesque, Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire stretched the boundaries of this theme through the representation of the disintegration of the southern woman. By exploring the torrid longing of his character, Blanche Dubois, and her desires and fears. â€Å"Grotesque writers are â€Å"faced with the reality that they live in an age whose distortions function as indicators of how far man has drifted from his true image as a creature of God. In this vein, Williams explores the corruption of mankind, along with its difficulties in reconciling its primal nature with the rules of society: Blanche’s charm and beauty is overridden by her alcoholism, nymphomania, and general debauchery† (Presley, 1). Blanche DuBois provided the extreme case of what it is like to lose yourself. Blanche was â€Å"Deceptive, dishonest, fraudulent, permanently flawed, unable to face reality, Blanche is for all that thoroughly capable of commanding audience compassion, for her struggle and the crushing defeat she endures have the magnitude of tragedy. The inevitability of her doom, her refusal to back down in the face of it, and the essential humanity of the forces that drive her to it are the very heart of tragedy, No matter what evil she may have done, nor what villainies practiced, she is a human being trapped by the fates, making a human fight to escape and to survive with some shred of human dignity, in full recognition of her own fatal human weaknesses and increasing absence of hope† (Crandell 93). The obscure relevance to her deceptions are only a portion of why Blanche represents the grotesque. Her necessity to cling to the â€Å"old† southern ways (with a â€Å"death grip†) allows her to cling to her own sanity. She exudes narcissism to the fullest extent, but is unable to see the damage that it is causing to herself and the people around her. In the very first scene, Blanche describes the loss of Belle Reve. She goes on to embellish the loss as a personal encounter with death, to which she is the only witness to and the only effected party: â€Å"I, I, I, took the blows in my face and my body! All of those deaths! The long parade to the graveyard! Father, mother! Margaret, that dreadful way! So big with it, it couldn’t be put in a coffin! But I had to be burned like rubbish!†¦. And, oh, what gorgeous boxes they packed them away in! Unless you were there at the bed when they cried out, â€Å"Hold me! † you’d never suspect there was the struggle for breath and bleeding. You didn’t dream, but I saw! Saw! Saw!†¦. † (Williams 2193). This description was a faint cry for compassion or an attempt to restore the relationship with Stella, but through a premeditated state of self preservation. The grotesque narcissism with which she approaches the loss of the estate and their relatives only happened to her. It is this over dramatic perception that reinforces the author’s emphasis on the Southern Gothic or grotesque style apparent throughout his play. The culmination of the loss of Belle Reve, her husband’s suicide, and, later, her dismissal from her job, could have contributed to her current state. But it in the end, she chose not to face her demons, she opted to hide behind the ruse of entitlement associated with old Southern Society that proved to be her ultimate demise. â€Å"If there is any character in modern dramatic literature whose identity is bound up in such fantasies and sees erself as unique, special and entitled, it is Blanche DuBois, whose very name conjures up images of French, chivalric romances. Furthermore, it is clear that she identifies with the role of the â€Å"Southern Belle† and, in fact, retreats to memories of herself as â€Å"Southern Belle† when confronted with death and trauma. Ironically, from Blanche’s point of view, although the â€Å"Southern Belle† is fundamentally superior, she is also, simultaneously, a vulnerable, even fragile figure, in need of constant attention and care, dependant on others. (Ribkoff & Tyndall 327). The reason why the grotesque is so important to the decline of the Southern woman, and this particular character, is because there is this realization that there are no happy endings. Blanche is happy to wallow in her own self destructions and with this she is libel to take down everyone within her distinct vicinity. Blanche’s character is deprived of the one thing that she longs for which is love and by reaching for the facade of the Southern Belle, she does more damage because she is the complete antithe sis of the Southern Belle. There is also a lot of symbolism associated with Blanche’s decline. Throughout her short time at her sister’s apartment, it is evident that she was taking a lot of baths through the progression of the story. As more information gets divulged about what really happened in her past, it is almost as if she is trying to maintain that she is a Southern Belle. She is trying to convince herself that she is still clean or that she can wash away her past through her frequent bathing. There is also the issue of light. Blanche does her best to conceal herself from the light of reality by placing paper lanterns over lamps to soften the light â€Å"So, too, in A Streetcar Named Desire, Blanche is described (in the same stage direction! ) as both attracted to and repulsed by light. On the one hand, she is described as moth-like in appearance. Comparable to the moth, she is strangely attracted to that which has the power to destroy her. On the other hand, â€Å"her delicate beauty must avoid a strong light†. To avoid it, she dresses naked light bulbs in paper lanterns, and when she goes out, with Mitch for example, it is always at night. † (Crandall 95). This pertains to her willingness to escape reality and is yet another way that Williams exhibits the grotesque through his writing. In further examination of Blanche, her dependency on men is another portrayal of the grotesque. She is constantly looking for and acquiring the affections of men and seems to feed upon the generous nature of Mitch, Stanley’s friend. Here we see the grotesque outlined in the form of female dependence on the male figures in their lives. At one point, Blanche rejects the union of her sister with that of the abusive Stanley Kowalski. She fantasizes about an alternative life with the financial support from Shep Huntleigh, but this still emphasizes a need for the support to exist from a male figure. Even though this wouldn’t be a stable situation for Stella, this would free her from her dependency on Stanley. This reiterates the progression from the old to the new south, but isn’t a source of stability for Stella. She still needs to rely on Stanley and in doing so we see the indignity of the human spirit due to sacrifice. It is also a theme of Williams’ that the removal of the simply â€Å"country† life, and into the throngs of a bustling city, create the setting for the grotesque situations that these characters find themselves in. Williams thought that in moving away from the country life, we are separating ourselves further from the life that God had intended us to live. There is a quiet simplicity that is associated with working the land in the country and in moving to the trappings of a large city, there is room for trouble. This is also apparent through the loss of Belle Reve. When Blanche falls into misfortune and loses the house, she is forced into a life of less prestige and honor. She loses her job as a teacher due to moral discrepancies, she is called on at the hotel that she is staying at by many men, and she is forced to move in with her sister in New Orleans. This transition represents a removal of all that is decent and good with humanity and confines us to the â€Å"cramped† quarters of a city where we lose ourselves. Stanley Kowalski’s character impresses upon the reader an animalistic quality that can only be implied to represent the conflict of the divergence between southern gentiles and northern brutality. â€Å"As much as Blanche is the representative of dreams, Stanley is the emissary of quotidian reality. His Napoleonic Code and the State of Louisiana are the realistic counterparts to Blanche’s more ephemeral Belle Reve. Whereas Blanche values civilization and its refinements-art, poetry, and music-Stanley indulges in more primitive pleasures-eating (bringing home meat from the kill); drinking, to the point of intoxication; and sleeping with women. He knows what his pleasures are and indulges them, often to excess. He enjoys life to the fullest-â€Å"be comfortable is his motto†. In his drunken paroxysms, he easily forgets himself, and becomes one with his buddies. He is, for the most part, spontaneous and unselfconscious† (Crandall 97). In the climax of the play, we bear witness to Stanley’s submission to the atavistic urges and northern brutality by the rape of Blanche. As the story progresses, Mitch (Stanley’s friend) exhibits how the loss of the Southern Gentile adds to the grotesque setting with which all of the characters exist in. At the end of the play, we are made aware that Blanche is being committed to an insane asylum. As the Doctor starts to take Blanche away, Mitch had an opportunity to intervene, but he didn’t. He felt a great deal of sympathy for Blanche, but chose to not act on those feelings and instead Blanche is committed. The reason that this is such an important example of the loss of the Southern gentile was because he had the opportunity to act and didn’t step up to defend Blanche. Southern gentiles are all about honor and dignity. With the loss of these important qualities within him, he has just let Blanche succumb to the darkness that has shrouded her since she arrived at Stella’s apartment. Even though Blanche didn’t see the hero within Mitch, they had a bond between them. They were both looking for love and for someone to take care of them. With him not coming to her rescue, the true Mitch is presented-a person who is devoid of the heroism that Blanche so desperately needed. On the conflict between the â€Å"sensitive, non-conformist† individual against conventional society, we have to re-examine Blanche Dubois. From the beginning of the play, we are well aware of Blanche’s â€Å"sensitive, non-conformist† characteristics. She is someone who was unwilling to uphold he civilities that should exist within each person. In her having tarnishing relations with a pupil of hers, she sacrifices the only thing that she had left- her dignity. â€Å"However defensive Blanche becomes, from the moment she enters the stage until the moment she leaves it, she is in search of direction and empathy or â€Å"kindness† of others in order to work through the traumas of the past and present. Ultimately, this search for understanding is he main reason she comes to New Orleans and not simply for a place to stay† (Ribkoff & Tyndall 327). The climax of the grotesque within this play seems to come as a result of Blanche’s sensitive, non-conformist attitude towards life. Her inability to accept responsibility for her current situation is the catalyst to the way that Stanley shows no tolerance for her. Stanley’s brutalities, along with his intolerance for Blanche’s current state of mind, clash to create the ultimately grotesque act of rape later in the play. â€Å"Many critics believe Stanley’s rape of Blanche precipitates her descent into madness. According to Mary Ann Corrigan, this descent is part of the overall trajectory of the play: â€Å"in each of the [play’s] 11 scenes Blanche moves inexorably closer to the disintegration of her mind and the total rejection of reality† (Humanit 334). After the disintegration of the world that Williams created in A Streetcar Named Desire, we are left with the overwhelming themes of the struggle for human affection, dignity, and resolve. Through this in-depth dissection of the characters, plot, and settings, emerge the themes that exemplify the Southern Gothic/grotesque style of writing.

Iom Report Essay

In November of 2010, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) delivered a report, â€Å" The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health†. The report looked in depth about the role that nurses should play in a changing healthcare system. The report explains about changes in the health care system and how the nurses should play a role in this transformation. The transformation mainly focuses on three aspects : education, practice and leadership. Since the healthcare system is advancing every day, it requires the nurses to become more advanced to meet the demands of the healthcare. The impact of the IOM report on nursing education is very significant. According to the article, â€Å"The IOM Advocates for Higher Education†, The report contains three key messages related to nursing. Part 1 of this series looked at IOM recommendations for transforming nursing practice. The second key message put forth by the IOM’s report on the future of nursing says that, â€Å"nurses should achieve higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that promotes seamless academic progression† The IOM believes that nurses must go for higher levels of education in order to reach the demands of the healthcare system. According to the IOM, the main reason why a higher level of education is necessary for nurses is because since the hospital care is becoming more complex, nurses must be able to make critical decisions. Nurses should gain more knowledge about the public health, geriatrics, leadership skills, improvements within the system, research and the health policy. Due to changes made in nursing overtime, the need for more changes in nursing practice is becoming more and more crucial. As stated in the IOM report, â€Å"†¦the changing landscape of the health care system and the changing profile of the population require that the system undergo a fundamental shift to provide patient-centered care; deliver more primary as opposed to specialty care; deliver more care in the community rather than the acute care setting; provide seamless care; enable all health professionals to practice to the full extent of their education, training, and competencies; and foster interprofessional collaboration. Achieving such a shift will enable the health care system to provide higher-quality care, reduce errors, and increase safety. Providing care in this way and in these areas taps traditional strengths of the nursing profession† (IOM report, pg 86-87). Transforming nursing practice will be an advantage in the future. It will improve quality and promote health care. The major intention included in this transformation is to provide patient care in all aspects. The transformation mainly focuses on primary care. Nurse practitioners , physicians, and physicians assistants provide the most care in this area. â€Å"Primary care brings promotion and prevention, cure and care together in a safe, effective and socially productive way at the interface between the population and the health system. The features of health care that are essential in ensuring improved health and social outcomes are person-centeredness, comprehensiveness and integration, and continuity care, with a regular entry into the health system, so that it becomes possible to build an enduring relationship of trust between people and their health care providers† (World Health Organization (WHO) Annual Report 2008). From reading the report, I can understand how interdisciplinary partnerships are very significant in providing care in our health system. In the psychiatric unit where I work, we are involved in the daily socio-economic realities of our patient’s lives. We make sure at all the times that the patients are provided care and we pay close attention to their well being. The IOM’s report has made me realize the importance of obtaining leadership qualities. I will expand my practice and pursue more leadership roles in an interdisciplinary healthcare team. This report has also made me to commit myself to a lifelong learning process. I will pursue advanced education and seek for higher levels of training and education. The IOM report gives a great emphasis in the need for leadership and how it is a vital quality for the transformation. Key Message #3 challenges the nurses to display partnership with other physicians and health professionals in healthcare. As written in the IOM report, â€Å"Strong leadership is critical if the vision of a transformed health care system is to be realized. Yet not all nurses begin their career with thoughts of becoming a leader. The nursing profession must produce leaders throughout the health care system, from the bedside to the boardroom, who can serve as full partners with other health professionals and be accountable for their own contributions to delivering high-quality care while working collaboratively with leaders from other health professions†(IOM report, pg 221). Nurses should develop a style of leadership in which they have to work health and collaborate with others. The IOM report calls for nurses to become effective leaders and to apply their leadership skills in their practice of nursing. As leaders, nurses should be able to manage staff and work system in order to meet the needs of the patients. Nurses must be able to make decisions quickly, communicate effectively, and cooperate with other nurses in the team. The IOM report of 2010 explains a lot about the future of nursing. It states in the report that the nurses need more training and education, opportunities to assume leadership roles and to change their ways of practice to meet the demands of the changing health care system. The report tells us that nurses should explore more about the challenges and opportunities in the profession of nursing. Nurses should pursue higher education in order to give quality and safety care to the patients. The patient’s satisfaction is the most important factor in nursing practice.

Adolf Hitler and Japanese Canadians War

WWII ESSAY TOPICS Please Note: You need to form an historical research question for your topic. The answer to your question is your thesis statement 1. How and why was Germany allowed to annex Austria and the Sudetenland? Was there any justification for Britain and France’s policy of appeasement? 2. Discuss the role that Italy played in World War II. How did the nation become involved in the conflict? How did its participation affect the direction of the war and Germany’s fortunes? 3. Discuss the issues surrounding the United States’ decision to use atomic bombs against Japan.What motives were behind this action, and what arguments have been made against it? 4. Explain how the situation in Europe immediately following the fall of Germany led directly to the Cold War. In your opinion, should the Western Allies have acted to oppose Soviet domination of Eastern Europe? 5. Consider the role of technology during World War II. Did it fundamentally affect the outcome of the war? If so, how? If not, why not? 6. Compare the roles of Germany and Japan during World War II. Generally speaking, were their aggressions fundamentally similar or fundamentally different? . Explain Germany’s mistakes in Russia and the ways in which they affected the outcome of the war. 8. Why did the British government give in to German demands regarding Czechoslovakia in 1938, but took a relatively firmer stand over Poland in 1939? 9. Compare Soviet and British policies toward Poland between 1943 and 1945, focusing on both aims and outcomes. 10. Did the nature of German rearmament between 1935 and 1939 support the view that Hitler was planning for a Blitzkrieg war? 11. Asses and explain whether the internment of Japanese Canadians justified during World War Two? 2. Discuss the major differences between how the allies treated Germany after World War Two with World War One and how it may have been better. 13. Compare the strategic significance of the Battle of Stalingra d and the Battle of Britain. 14. Discuss Blittzkrieg and the importance of this tactic during World War Two. 15. Assess and explain the role of women during WWII and compare them to WWI. 16. The Second World War had consequences for European society and the world at large that were every bit as profound as the changes wrought by World War I.Assess these consequences as they became evident in 1945 as the war ended as well as for the years following from the standpoint of physical losses (casualties, refugees, infrastructure, etc. ) as well as the political and territorial settlements in Europe and the world at large. 17. To what extent were the German’s people responsible for Hitler/ Holocaust. 18. Compare WWI to WWII, identifying similarities in the causes, development, and outcomes of the wars. Other topics to consider Appeasement (WLM King) IsolationismThe Treaty of Versailles The League of Nations (failure of) Dieppe D-Day (Juno Beach) Liberation of Holland Dunkirk (evacua tion of) Battle of Britain Battle of the Atlantic Role of Technology / Canadian war production Anti-Semitism in Canada Internment of Japanese Canadians War on the homefront – War production / Changing role of women TOPIC LIST Blitzkreig The Battle of the Atlantic Women's Royal Canadian Naval Service (Wrens) Lebensraum The Brtsh Commonwealth Air Training Plan Canadian Women’s Auxiliary AirforceOccupation of the Rhineland Camp X The Munich Pact Cdn Women’s Army Corps D-Day The Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact The Battle for Normandy Canadian War Brides Dunkirk Treaty of Versailles The Royal Cdn Air Force Wm. L. Mackenzie King War on the Homefront War Propaganda The Home Front General Guy Simonds Canada and the Italian Campaign Conscription The Scheldt Estuary The Internment of Japanese Canadians Liberation of the Netherlands Canada and Hong Kong Juno Beach The Battle of the Atlantic VE Day Dieppe Verrieres Ridge