Population Geography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Populace Geography - Essay Example The needy older populace has been commonly acknowledged as those 65 years or more. It is assumed once more, similar to youth subordinate populace that this subset of populace has no autonomous and dynamic pay and they stay subordinate for their vocation on working populace. The old reliance proportion is characterized as the proportion of the quantity of individuals matured 65 years and more seasoned to the number matured 15 to 64 years. In this manner the all out reliance proportion is acquired as the entirety of the young reliance proportion and the old reliance proportion. Every one of the three reliance proportions are normally communicated as rates. With the suspicion that the potential work power contains the populace subset matured 15 to 64 years, the proportional of the all out reliance proportion is well deciphered to mean the quantity of potential specialists accessible per subordinate individual (youthful or old). For example, if the complete reliance proportion is 40 perc ent or 0.5 (it was around 50 percent in the United States in 2000), the equal 1/0.4 - 2.5 implies that the populace has more than two (adjusted to three) possible specialists for every needy person. The reciprocals of the young reliance proportion and the old reliance proportion would have about similar understandings with the additional bit of leeway that they could be utilized in better investigation. It is evident that the higher the reliance proportions, the lower the quantities of potential specialists accessible to help the wards. The worldwide all out reliance proportion rose consistently from 1950 to 1965-70.It has been on a decay from that point forward. As per the medium projection of UN (1998), the complete reliance proportion will arrive at a level close about the year 2015 and afterward it would continuously go up, as the older populace subset will increment quicker than the energetic populace subset will diminish. This would occur due to declining fruitfulness rates in the current which is, thusly, brought about by monetary turn of events and expanded understanding and real accessibility of different measures to design families. The lower fruitfulness in the present would will in general smother the current day birth rates and improved clinical offices would raise the general future in this manner clearing a path for an older piece of the populace around the anticipated year. The calculated lucidity in estimating and anticipating reliance proportions fundamentally lays on the presumptions that people matured 15 to 64 years speak to the likely specialists of a populace, and that the others speak to wards. These suppositions have been addressed differently (Treas, 2000; Seike, 2001). For example in a lot less created and some increasingly evolved nations, kids begin work or some likeness thereof, with or without a lowest pay permitted by law, even before the age of 15 years. In India, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Nepal and Pakistan, for example, kid work has been a vexing issue and governments in a portion of these nations have enacted widely to control the injurious and exploitative utilization of youngster work. Anyway just little to direct achievement has been accomplished in many purviews. Again in business markets there has been a particular pattern to lean toward resigned understanding and representatives in the age gathering of 65 years or more are finding

Total Quality Management in Abu Dhabi University

ISO 8402 characterizes quality as â€Å"the totality of highlights and attributes of an item or administration that bear on its capacity to fulfill expressed or suggested needs† Basically, â€Å"quality is fulfilling clients need both present and future† (Charantimath, 2006).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Total Quality Management in Abu Dhabi University explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Quality catches a product’s qualification for use, capacity to recognize highlight or evaluation of the item in appearance, execution among others, degree to which a particular item is favored over contending results of equal evaluation, level of general greatness lastly it is worried about how well an item complies with structure and different determinations (Charantimath, 2006). For a company’s item or administration to be serious, at that point every one of these ascribes must be safeguarded and upgraded now and again. Complete quality administration is the procedure which administrators use to consistently distinguish and oversee the exercises expected to accomplish the quality destinations of an association with a point of offering high worth items and administrations. Reasons why Abu Dhabi University actualized ISO framework ADU quality arrangement expresses that â€Å"it is focused on giving quality degree projects to its understudies. Concentrating on the requirements of understudies, it takes part in a procedure of nonstop improvement grounded in proof based appraisal of understudies inclining and fulfillment with their Abu Dhabi University experience† (Abu Dhabi University, 2011). ISO framework was adjusted to help in executing this approach. A meeting with Mr. Stephen Deunch’a (Quality Officer Assurance) uncovered that usage of ISO encouraged setting up procedures and strategies in all division of the University. Also, it improved adequacy of the procedures and quality administrations . At long last, it acquainted responsibility with ceaseless upgrades of value. Course of events of the entire undertaking The way toward gaining ISO accreditation is extensive and requires a great deal of company’s time and assets. There are five significant strides for getting ISO confirmation. ADU started the procedure in December 2008 and finished in January 2010. The procedure included documentation of strategies, documentation of value manual and approaches, correction and endorsement, Internal Auditing and semiannual administration surveys. Effect of gaining ISO affirmation Standards are imperative to partners of an association as they guarantee positive attributes, for example, quality, strength, proficiency, wellbeing and condition kind disposition are strengthened. For occurrences, all the representatives of ADU have an all inclusive comprehension of techniques of different procedures. Likewise, the University will coordinate assets in forms which are globally normal ized henceforth limiting wastage. ISO additionally benefits the network everywhere in light of the fact that there interests are provided food for thus it manufactures their trust in the products.Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More ADU’s Vision, Mission and Values ADU’s Vision 2013: â€Å"Abu Dhabi University is perceived as a national University of decision for quality instruction, applied research that drives territorial financial turn of events, and appreciate global accreditation† (Abu Dhabi University, 2011) ADU’s Mission â€Å"The Mission of ADU is to offer profoundly compensated vocation situated undergrad and postgraduate qualification programs lined up with the necessities of UAE and the area through greatness in educating, understudy learning, personnel grants and engagmnet in network development† (Abu Dhabi University, 2 011) ADU’s Culture and Shared Values â€Å"ADU’s people group is understudy focused, commited to workforce/staff advancement and highly esteems collegiality, comprehensiveness while aware of Arab culture, honesty, value, development, spryness and administration above self† (Abu Dhabi University, 2011) Office answerable for actualizing ISO Execution of ISO guidelines is the obligation of each worker. Notwithstanding, the Executive Director of Quality Institutional Research and system Departement has the essential obligation of actualizing ISO 9001:2008. Affirmation Unit has been asigned the obligation of usage of ISO framework. The Provost is liable for accomplishing and keeping up internationa institutional accredation while the Dean of every school has the essential obligation regarding accomplishing and mainintg singular program global accreditations for all projects in their school where such accreditations exist (Abu Dhabi University, 2011). Following stages Currently, the Univeristy has actualized Balances Scorecards to be utilized for execution appraisal everything being equal. The University ought to broaden estimating for all center procedures, it ought to see self as estimation since scorecards is a perfomance estimation framework that solitary track programs which lead to accomplishing strategis plan. It doesn't evaluate a people commitments towards achiving the vital objectives. References Abu Dhabi University. (2011, November 30). Vision and Beyond. Web.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Total Quality Management in Abu Dhabi University explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Charantimath P. (2006). Prologue to add up to quality administration: Total Quality Management, (3), 1-3. This article on Total Quality Management in Abu Dhabi University was composed and put together by client Joaquin G. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it appropriately. You can give your paper here.

Company Law - Assessment Example

Company Law - Assessment Example Company Law - Assessment â€" Assignment Example > Corporate or company laws are by nature limiting to the stakeholders at hand and at the same time also protecting the interest of stakeholders. This paper presents two cases of simple but important situation that will very clearly define the role of company laws in the relationships of shareholders with regards to their personal interests and preferences as well as changes in situations. As defined, “Corporation Laws, a corporation or a company is an artificial being created by operation of law, having the right of succession and powers, attributes and properties expressly authorized by law or incident to its existence” (De Leon, p. 184). The uniqueness of the two cases presented in this assignment challenges the following specific basic distinctions of being a corporation or a partnership: manner of creation â€" a partnership is created by mere agreement of parties, while a corporation is created by law or by operation of law (Private Corporations, The Corporation Code, B.P. B lg. 68 Section 2, p. 184); powers â€" a partnership may exercise any power authorized by the partners provided it is not contrary to law, morals, good customs, public order, or public policy, while a corporation can exercise only the powers expressly granted by law or implied from those granted or incident to its existence (Section 2, p. 190); transferability of interest â€" “in a partnership, a partner cannot transfer his interest in the partnership so as to make the transferee a partner without the consent of all other existing partners because the partnership is based on principle of deltus personarum, while in a stock corporation, a stockholder has the right to transfer his shares without the prior consent of the other stockholders because a corporation is not based on this principle” (Section 2, p. 191). The purpose of this paper is to present necessary evidences, principles and popular or similar cases that can best support my stand as answers of the questions presented. Foremost, to establish the authenticity of corporation laws, this paper shall site the law from the California Corporations Code Section 103: “Every corporation organized under the laws of this state, any other state of the United States or the District of Columbia or under an act of the Congress of the United States, all of the capital stock of which is beneficially owned by the United States, an agency or instrumentality of the United States or any corporation the whole of the capital stock of which is owned by the United States or by an agency or instrumentality of the United States, is conclusively presumed to be an agency and instrumentality of the United States and is entitled to all privileges and immunities to which the holders of all of its stock are entitled as agencies of the United States” (FindLaw For Small Businesses, http: //www. leginfo. ca. gov/cgi-bin/displaycode? section=corp group=00001-01000 file=100-195). Thus, the references shall be in accordance with t he above general provision. In the case of Tony, Gordon and John, due to the personal history between Tony and Gordon, Gordon has desired to alter the company’s articles of association citing the new articles: “Any member who carries on business competing with the company shall be required by the company, by ordinary resolution, to sell his shares to the other members at a fair price to be fixed by the directors” For this to materialize, the following must first be followed as stipulated in Section 15, Incorporation and Organization of Private Corporations: “The original and amended articles together shall contain all provisions required by law to be set out in the articles of incorporation (De Leon 248). Furthermore, Gordon has first to establish these articles according to the process of law: “Such articles, as amended, shall be indicated by underscoring the change or changes made, and a copy thereof, duly certified under oath by the corporate secretary and the majority of the directors or trustees stating the fact that said amendment or amendments have been duly approved by the required vote of the stockholders or members, shall be submitted to the Securities and Exchange commission (249). With this preliminary step, Tony can be advised that before Gordon can proceed with his plan, Gordon must first come up with the required vote of the remaining stockholders or members fore the enactment of the new articles of association.

Sexual Assault Awareness On College Campuses - 1607 Words

Baylee Adair Mrs. Orsini English 4 8 February 2016 Sexual Assault Awareness on College Campuses One out of four women are raped each year on a college campus. College is supposed to be a time for education, freedom, and finding an identity; however, now college women have to worry about being sexually assaulted. As time progresses, the numbers keep increasing of college women being raped. Many rape cases are difficult to prove beyond a reasonable doubt in the justice system and women are not always believed. Nor is our society acknowledging the criminal act of rape as seriously as it should. The after effects of rape are incomprehensible and the scars will be there throughout one s lifetime. All college women should be required to take a self-defense class their freshmen year. By learning self-defense the women could defend themselves against a sexual threat, therefore the amount of sexual assault cases will decrease. Most people think that rape or sexual assault only happens to college women when they are under the influence of substance; however, most of the time that is not the case. Thousands of young college women, especially freshmen, are being raped each year. Statistics show that â€Å"Women ages 16-24 experience rape at rates four times higher than the assault rate of all women. College women are more at risk for rape and other forms of sexual assault than women the same age but not in college,†(Sexual Assault and Rape on U.S. College Campuses). This isShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sexual Violence On College Campuses883 Words   |  4 Pagesme personally was the section of sexuality and power on U.S. college campuses. As important as sexual awareness is in society, I was not aware of how it affected U.S. college campuses. The college provides the backbone of starting new relationships and expressing sexuality. These new relationships can generate positive attributes, however, wh at has continued to plague schools is the attention that sexual violence has on college campuses. In my opinion, the most important matter addressed while evolvingRead MoreSexual Assault On College Campuses1381 Words   |  6 Pages Sexual assault has been a huge issue for many years on college campuses and universities nation wide. As society has evolved, thoughts on sexual assault have also evolved, becoming more focused on the details of victim treatment than ever before. The topic of sexual assault is debatable and sparks many opinions on weather sexual assault on college campuses is becoming more frequent, or if there is just heightened awareness. Sexual assault can happen to anybody no matter the gender, race, religionRead MoreSexual Assault On College Campuses1441 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Violence on College Campuses Among female college students, 23% said they experienced some form of unwanted sexual contact ranging from kissing, to touching, to rape. All of these females said it was carried out by force or threat of force, or while they were incapacitated because of alcohol or drugs. This data was collected from a survey taken by 150,000 students from 27 different Universities. (Wallace, Kelley, 2105) Sexual assault is sexual contact or behavior that happens without theRead MoreSexual Assault On College Campuses1314 Words   |  6 PagesIn the last few years, the issue of sexual assault on college campuses have been gaining popularity in the public. Campus sexual assault have been a recurring subject throughout history and it seems to only get bigger. People would think that college campuses will be safe due to the advance security on the campus. Hundreds of women and men are sexually assaulted on campus everyday. Many organizations have started to form in order to help victims and prevent such tragic, heinous acts from happeningRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Assault On College Campuses Essay890 Words   |  4 PagesBarack Obama signed the Presidential Memorandum, forming the ‘White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault.’ This task force was established to help decrease sexual assaults in college campuses and create awareness of this little talked about topic. Many college students don’t believe sexual assault is an issue until it happens to them or someone they’re close with. Sexual assault affects the victims by making them feel helpless and causing serious negative effects on their emotionalRead MoreRape Culture Through The Perspective Of Carry That Weight1014 Words   |  5 Pagesand prevent it from continuing for the sake of future generations.ï » ¿ Unfortunately, current college students are victims of university standards that largely fail to protect them. Oftentimes, such as in the case of Emma Sulkowicz, a sen ior at Columbia University, cases of sexual assault are quieted in order to preserve the image of the institution, at the cost of its students’ well being. Yet sexual assault is a common occurrence, particularly among young people today. Emma Sulkowicz was raped duringRead MoreSexual Assault On College Campuses998 Words   |  4 PagesWebster defines sexual assault as an illegal sexual contact that usually involves force upon a person without consent or is inflicted upon a person who is incapable of giving consent or who places the assailant in a position of trust or authority. Most common types of sexual assault are â€Å"acquaintance rape† and â€Å"date rape†, which both take place on college campuses but go unnoticed. There are several incidents that occur on college campuses that students that attend that particular college or universityRead MoreAs I Was Scrolling Through My Facebook Feed, Ignoring Political1126 Words   |  5 Pagessomething caught my ey e. It was a video of students reading their college acceptance letters, I clicked on the video thinking it would put a smile on my face and give me hope for the new generation. I was proved wrong, due to a powerful twist in the video. In the college acceptance letter, the students read about the 1 in 5 chance that they would be raped in college, and how their university would do nothing about it (Facts about Sexual Violence). This did not put a smile on my face, because it broughtRead MoreRape Culture Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesRape culture is prevalent on all college campuses, and many fail to realize this and what rape culture is. It is in the party scene, athletics, in dorm rooms, and everywhere else around campus. It is the acceptance of sexual jokes, saying â€Å"she was asking for it because of what she was wearing,† not taking sexual assault seriously, and so much more. Rape Culture is an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popularRead MoreSexual Assault On Campus : Opposing Viewpoints Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction to Sexual Assault on Campus: Opposing Viewpoints. Sexual Assault on Campus. Ed. Jack Lasky. Farmington Hills, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 17 Oct. 2016. The article introduces sexual assault to readers as a problem that is in line with other forms of violence such as domestic violence, dating violence and stalking. It gives a figure of 19% undergraduate women who have reported a complete or attempted sexual assault while in campus

The Term Social Loafing - 1543 Words

Bibib Latane and Kiplin Williams conied the term ‘social loafing’ to describe the idea that people tend to put in less effort when working in groups than when working alone, be it in sports or in academic settings. Now shirking is a term to describe group member who slacks off or avoids working all together based on the fact that he has been put in a group, this essay will try to answer the questions, should shirkers be reported to instructors, and is the group ethically bound to tell the shirker? Is social loafing always shirking, and is social loafing always unethical? This essay will also try to explain how different cultures affect social loafing. Now answers to this questions might vary depending of the moral standing of the person answering as most of the afore-mentioned questions have a little to do with ethics and ethics ven though it has no straight forward meaning most people believe it should be about a sense of what is right and wrong, in order words the mor ality of a person will determine what they think should be ethical or not. Social loafing refers to the concept that people are prone to exert less effort on a task if they are in a group against when they work alone. The idea of working in groups is typically seen as a way to improve the achievement of a task by sharing the skills and abilities of the persons in that group. But, in some groups, there is a tendency on the part of members to contribute less to the group s goal than if they were doing theShow MoreRelatedSocial Loafing and Recommendations on How to Reduce Its Occurrence within Groups Working on University Poster Presentations1286 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Loafing and Recommendations on How to Reduce Its Occurrence within Groups Working on University Poster Presentations Abstract Social loafing occurs in groups and reduces group effectiveness and productivity. Various literatures on social loafing reviewed suggest that the group size, the identifiably of the participants, the evaluation of their performance, people’s beliefs about their feelings of uniqueness, envy, task difficulty, how people’s beliefs about their Read MoreChanges in Human Behavior Based on Social Situations and Its Effects958 Words   |  4 PagesThe study of human interaction is a part of the study of social psychology. How humans interact in social situations has long been an area of much curiosity among people who study human behavior. Do we change when we are in the company of others? Do we conform to certain societal rules even though we may not agree with them? What do we get out of the way that we interact with others acceptance, satisfaction or misery? Undoubtedly, there are cultural factors that play a part in how we act with othersRead MoreSocial Loafing And Conformity Within Teams746 Words   |  3 Pagesor teams. With this in mind, Fischer highlights that teams have a list of negatives also associated with them. A few examples are general dysfunction and disagreement, longer decision-making processes, and social loafing (Fischer, 2012). This paper will address the presence of social loafing and conformity within teams. The Problem Statement: Young Life Volunteer Team Young Life (YL) is a Christian, nondenominational organization that shares the gospel with students of all ages (highRead MoreOrganizational Studies and Human Resource Management and Group1064 Words   |  5 Pages (THIS IS CHAPTER 15 STUDY GUIDE) Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. In terms of group performance, the idea that: the whole is equal to more than the sum of its parts is the fundamental point in the concept of: A. A command group. B. Synergy. C. An interest group. D. A group norm. E. Social loafing. 2. Groups which managers set up to accomplish organizational goals are known as: A. Friendship groups. B. Informal groups. Read MoreThe fundamental attribution The fundamental attribution error plays a main part in our everyday700 Words   |  3 Pagesattribution The fundamental attribution error plays a main part in our everyday lives. The fundamental attribution error is the propensity for viewers to undervalue situational effects and overestimate dispositional impacts upon others actions. In short terms, when a persons behavior is improper, we have a tendency to automatically jump to the assumption that the person has a bad behavior, theyre mean, rude, etc. Not often do we look at the condition that the person may be in whether its work or personalRead MoreSocial Influences on Behavior1114 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Influences on Behavior There are many social influences which have an effect or lasting effect on the behavior of an individual. Within many group scenarios, conformity and obedience play a large role in how people tend to think and behave, especially if they get carried away. Obedience refers to compliance to an authority figure or with others in a group. On the other hand, conformity refers to an individual changing their thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors to accommodate with the standardsRead MoreDisadvantages Of Technology1714 Words   |  7 PagesTech-based learning holds the potential of substantially transforming the way learning takes place because of its numerous qualities. Among these features include accessibility, adaptability, efficiency, approachability, and lastly acceptability in terms of learning. The introduction of TBL is not without its challenges though. Digital learning is the key to a more educated society where the traditional classrooms and teachers will transform into digital cla ssrooms and electronic teachers with no boundsRead More|Curbing Social Loafing in the Retail Environment | |3837 Words   |  16 Pages| | |Curbing Social Loafing in the Retail Environment | | | | | Read MoreOrganizational Behavior and Leadership Essay937 Words   |  4 Pages Norming 4) What defines a set of expected behavior patterns attributed to a person occupying a given position in a social unit? Group role 5) Which type of group is defined by the organizations structure? Formal group 6) Which term describes the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually? Social loafing 7) What is a strength of group decision making? Increased diversity of views 8) Which statement is true about workRead MoreOrganizational Behavior Essay1746 Words   |  7 PagesOrganisational Behaviour as a field of study There are a lot of challenges and opportunities for managers to use OB concepts, and one of these challenges is workforce diversity. Workforce diversity means that organisations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of gender, race, and ethnicity. It also encompasses each persons uniqueness, experience and personalities that are different but have to be dealt with in the workplace. Employees do not leave their cultural values and lifestyle preferences at home

The Dos and Donts of Essay Samples with an Interview in It

The Do's and Don'ts of Essay Samples with an Interview in It What Essay Samples with an Interview in It Is - and What it Is Not The ideal way to be informed about something is by making the proper preparations. With respect to location, the interview happens in a secluded room away from any sort of distraction and noise. It is possible to write the paper from many of distinct angles, but so long as readers get to understand the individual and understand the dominant impression, you've accomplished your target. There are two methods to compose your paper. Whether you must compose an interview paper to become admitted to the university you want to visit or to apply for your dream job, this is an important step! Which will be part of my next review for a different show. Men and women want to visit interviews open minded and expect to react to different questions regarding their life and career. The Downside Risk of Essay Samples with an Interview in It Next, it's essential to incorporate the vital tips that you have acquired from your interview. As you read the job of different writers, you are going to be in a position to recognize even smaller details that would have eluded you. There are particular things you'll want to do in order to prepare for a great interview. There were lots and a lot of papers. The Good, the Bad and Essay Samples with an Interview in It Prepare yourself to face considerable challenges in the event the topic of your paper is a famous or busy small business person. Sure, you're writing the paper as it's an assignment, and you should write it as a way to pass your class. Based on the freedom you've been given you can select a subject that you're comfortable writing about. The subject is at the crux of your essay the one that you pick will establish the results of the readers' experience. In a case of a profile essay you are able to sum up a paragraph by giving the effect of the details explained. The ideal way to make an intriguing paper is to locate a thriving small business person like Steve Jobs and ask several amazing questions. In reality, you've quite a huge number of strategies to complete your interview paper. Since writing a profile essay can seem to be a tedious activity to some, ensuring that you've got the most suitable info, subject and knowing the right means to write will provide you with a much easier experience. The War Against Essay Samples with an Interview in It Your opening may be suggested by a number of the comments from your interviews or you may want to describe a situation which causes your question. Conclusions An important analysis of the full interview procedure reveals a thriving interview process that went well because of the communication skills of the interviewer and respondent. Since the main purpose of a an interview is the selection of information by usage of question as well as the analysis of non-verbal way of communication, it therefore suggests that the type of question asked will ultimately determine the results of the interview. The following advice will function as a guide for you. The Principles of Essay Samples with an Interview in It You Can Benefit From Starting Right Away Interview essays are written dependent on an interview, performed by the author. You need to understand how to compose an essay and the way to conduct an interview. An interview essay should have a backbone so that it'll be well written and the thoughts which are included within the writing organized. Now you understand how to compose an interview essay of many types. In case you were writing about a personal profile essay example about a celebrity, you ought to make the reader feel pleased with the info you've provided. The body will learn if the reader proceeds to engage in your essay. If you want more help with profile essays, get in contact with us, and we are going to assign a writer that will help you out. The secret to writing an excellent profile essay is to pick a personal profile essay example of an entertaining subject. To get the idea of writing a profile essay, you will have to read the works of individuals who have written successful essays. In an instance of personality profile essay, you may use a brief story or a conversation. Starting with a conversation Is a very good approach to earn your essay captivating. There are lots of drugs in the world these days and having the best knowledge will enable you to recognize how different drugs affect people. Most individuals take drugs voluntarily without a concept of what it is that they do to your brain and total physical wellness. First of all, there's an acute shortage of competent nurses in the medical care market. Specifically, problems like drug shortages like anesthetics can easily be covered by administering different procedures of pain relief and birth induction process in the event of a very distressed mother.

Technical Skills and Learning Theories Accredited Institution

Question: Discuss about the Technical Skills and Learning Theories for Accredited Institution. Answer: After completing Honey and Mumfords Questionnaire and getting the score, I found that I have theorist learning style. This type of learners tries to understand the theory behind any action. They rely on different models, statistics, concepts and fact to get engaged in the learning process. They try to analyze information by theory and come to a conclusion after synthesizing new information into a systematic and logical theory. This report will design a skills teaching programme for this type of learners to get knowledge about the short surgical procedure. It will give them training about short surgical procedure according to the learning style of learner. It will also demonstrate how the program will be useful for the trainee. The skills teaching programme will be based on Kolb's learning cycle. This model will be helpful as it is designed according to a different style of learning. According to Kolb, learning cycle moves around phases like concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization and active experimentation. This means surgical trainee will have to experience surgical procedure, reflect on the experience, deduce ideas regarding change in the surgical practice and then finally implement those changes in next procedure. Different learners will prefer various elements of the cycle. So, Kolb developed Learning Style Inventory (LSI) to maintain reliability and validity of learning according to different learning style. Theorist learner will prefer reflective observation and abstract conceptualization stages (1). Based on pattern of different learning style explained by Kolbs learning cycle, I will teach the theorist learner according to their preferred way of learning. These learners focus on reflective observation and abstract conceptualization. Therefore, my skills teaching programme will use surgical models and surgical evidence to teach them so that they reflect and learn from it. This form of progressive education will help them in attaining a state of equilibrium in surgical skills so that they become proficient in surgical procedures. I will try to give them background information about particular surgical procedure and teach them relevant theories. They will be able to apply these theories during their learning process and in this way they will get actively involved in the process. It will enable them to utilize the information and implement it in their clinical practice (4). The skills teaching programme will teach the learner carpel tunnel release surgery. It is required to treat patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. It is caused by pain in hand due to pressure on the median nerve in the wrist. The skills training programme will first teach learner about carpal tunnel release. A theorist needs to know all the theory and facts behind any surgery. So this knowledge will be essential for them. The median nerves and tendons of finger go through a passage called carpal tunnel in the wrist. As the tunnel is narrow, any swelling affects the nerve and cause pain. The carpal ligament is present at the surface of carpal tunnel. During the surgery, the surgeon requires cutting through the carpal ligament so that more space is created between the nerve and tendons (6). Figure 1: Tranverse carpal release surgery. 11. [Internet]. 2016 [cited 23 July 2016]. Available from: (2016). Aihw.gov.au. Retrieved 22 July 2016, from https://www.aihw.gov.au/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=6442455071 The skill programme will teach the correct ways of surgery. It is performed in the following ways: First, numbing medicine should be given before surgery. A small surgical cut is made in the palm near the wrist, and the ligament over the carpal is cut. It serves the purpose of reducing the pressure on the median nerve. Then the skin and tissue are closed with sutures (7). This process is required when other non-surgical treatment options like anti-inflammatory medicines, therapy, shots of corticosteroids medicine, wrist splints, and behavioral changes fail. After the training of surgeons regarding ways to perform carpal tunnel release surgery, it will be necessary to assess motor skills of a surgeon to validate the surgical competency of the learner. Therefore, the competency of learner regarding the surgical procedure will depend on web-based knowledge test on surgical anatomy, surgical steps, the skill of dictating operating report and knowledge of surgical complication (2). A theorist is expected to excel in this test because they tend to learn things only after proper analysis of theories and information on the topic. So it is evident that they would have gained all relevant knowledge about the procedure before performing their first surgery on a patient. The second step will be an assessment of technical skills. This will depend on their level of practice and how far they were successful in performing the surgery. For structured assessment, each trainee surgeon will perform surgery on a cadaver specimen. The proficiency will depend on the time of completion of surgery. This will help in evaluating trainees ability to learn surgical techniques according to assessment tools. Both knowledge and cadaver test will assist in differentiating between a novice surgeon and an accomplished surgeon (7). Accurate training on surgical skill is necessary for satisfactory accreditation and to satisfy the community regarding the safety of the surgical technique. It is important for surgeons to prove their competency skills by the end of training programs. They should have declarative knowledge of surgery which means knowing about technical skills followed by their safe implementation in real clinical situations. The decision to label a surgeon surgically competent' depends on an assessment of record of in-training assessment (RITA) followed by written and oral test (3). However, this is not foolproof as many excel in the test but are technically deficient. It highlights the need for an alternative method of instruction and improving surgical skills and assessment methods (8). A theorist learner will adapt and integrate skill programmes teaching into logical theories. They will benefit extensively from the skill teaching programme. They will analyze patient's problems in a logical way. Even if they fail in initial skill assessment, they will not rest until they hone their skills. They value rationality and logic. They will assimilate each element of skill teaching programs and frequently question themselves like how does this step fit into my surgical practice?','what are the basic assumptions of the process?'. They always seek logical ways to solve problems and their effort is on maximizing certainty. Groat and Musson framework of learning style will be beneficial for such persons, and they will prefer challenging explanation of operation to debate the plan of action (5). They will benefits from skill programme as they will try to learn better from training and facts. Reference Caulley L, Wadey V, Freeman R. Learning styles of first-year orthopedic surgical residents at 1 accredited institution. Journal of surgical education. 2012 Apr 30;69(2):196-200.Dougherty P, Kasten SJ, Reynolds RK, Prince ME, Lypson ML. Intraoperative assessment of residents. Journal of graduate medical education. 2013 Jun;5(2):333-4.Ghaderi I, Manji F, Park YS, Juul D, Ott M, Harris I, Farrell TM. Technical skills assessment toolbox: a review using the unitary framework of validity. Annals of surgery. 2015 Feb 1;261(2):251-62.Hull L, Arora S, Symons NR, Jalil R, Darzi A, Vincent C, Sevdalis N. Training faculty in nontechnical skill assessment: national guidelines on program requirements. Annals of surgery. 2013 Aug 1;258(2):370-5.Luckin R, du Boulay B. of Supporting Model Building in Learning Science. The Role of Communication in Learning To Model. 2014 May 12;1:99.Mitchell EL, Arora S, Moneta GL, Kret MR, Dargon PT, Landry GJ, Eidt JF, Sevdalis N. A systematic review of assessment o f skill acquisition and operative competency in vascular surgical training. Journal of vascular surgery. 2014 May 31;59(5):1440-55.Noland SS, Fischer LH, Lee GK, Hentz VR. Essential hand surgery procedures for mastery by graduating orthopedic surgery residents: a survey of program directors. The Journal of hand surgery. 2013 Apr 30;38(4):760-5.Putnam MD, Kinnucan E, Adams JE, Van Heest AE, Nuckley DJ, Shanedling J. On Orthopedic Surgical Skill PredictionThe Limited Value of Traditional Testing. Journal of surgical education. 2015 Jun 30;72(3):458-70.

A reaction paper on Seven Habits of Highly Effective People Essay Example

A reaction paper on Seven Habits of Highly Effective People Essay Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is a book that primarily discusses on how people could develop good habits to be highly effective. A habit as we understand it is a behavior that we do every now and then, that occurs almost unconsciously. As the habits in the book are being enumerated, I begin to reflect on my own habits as well. Do I have these habits? Do I practice them? I started to realize, that I am not even half-way to be classified among the â€Å"highly effective† people.   Does this have to be the case all the time? Do I still need a book to tell me what to have in order to be effective? I guess not. A habit comes naturally from within and doesn’t have to have standards. How can one say that a person is highly effective? Do we have parameters for these? The book deals more on self development and improvement, and how to maintain these good traits as we grow old. Of course it is a good book. However, no one can tell that after reading this, and try to m ake alterations on our old habits, in accordance to the author’s suggestions; we could actually say that we have already been â€Å"renewed† from our old self. Old habits do not cease from being â€Å"you†, it just hibernate (Kanellos, 2005). So even if we follow these highly recommended suggestions, we can’t entirely claim that we are already free from our old habits. The book for me is just a guideline; a recommended reference for people who needs habit development (doesn’t happen for real, supposedly) and not really the grounds for my classification as of someone being highly effective. For the good habits is already in us, it just need some outside force to trigger its natural occurrence and existence. These develop in us through time and remains in us as long as we want to. Not to eliminate it entirely in our book-of-life, eventually new habits will then develop in us as we are exposed to new worlds and environments. This goes cyclically as we mature and when we encounter different experiences in life. Am I now â€Å"highly effective†? If we consider the 7 habits in the book, well, maybe I’m (still) n ot as effective. But does it matter? I am highly effective in my own little way. We will write a custom essay sample on A reaction paper on Seven Habits of Highly Effective People specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A reaction paper on Seven Habits of Highly Effective People specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A reaction paper on Seven Habits of Highly Effective People specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Idioms and Expressions Using Have for ESL

Idioms and Expressions Using Have for ESL The following idioms and expressions use the verb have. Each idiom or expression has a definition and two example sentences to help your  understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with have. English Idioms and Expressions Using Have have a big mouth Definition: somebody who tells secrets, who is a gossip Dont talk to Mary she has a big mouth.If you didnt have such a big mouth, Id tell you my secrets. have a bee in your bonnet Definition: have an obsession, something that always remains in your thoughts and efforts She has a bee in her bonnet that health care must change.If I have a bee in my bonnet, I have to do everything I can until I can make it happen. have a bone to pick with someone Definition: have something (usually a complaint) that you want to discuss with someone I have a bone to pick with you. Just a moment, lets talk.Toms looking for Pete because hes got a bone to pick with him. have a brush with something Definition: have brief contact, or experience with someone or something I had a brief brush with Jack and I didnt like it.Hes had a brief brush with unemployment. have a chip on your shoulder Definition: be in a bad mood and challenging people to fight Dont take him seriously, he just has a chip on his shoulder.Yes, I have a chip on my shoulder! What are YOU going to do about it?! have a close call Definition: be close to danger I had a close call yesterday and was almost in an accident.Shes had a few close calls in her life. have a familiar ring Definition: sound familiar, as if youve heard it before That story has a familiar ring. Did we read that last year?Her experiences have a familiar ring. I guess everybody goes through that. have a good head on your shoulders Definition: have common sense, be sensible Jack has a good head on his shoulders. Dont worry about him.I think you have a good head on your shoulders. You should trust your decision. have a green thumb Definition: be very good at gardening Alice obviously has a green thumb. Look at that garden!My wife has a green thumb, so I let her do all the gardening. have a heart Definition: be compassionate or generous and forgiving with somebody Dont hold that against her. Have a heart!I think hell have a heart and forgive you. have a heart of gold Definition: be generous and sincere Mary has a heart of gold. I just love her.The teacher has a heart of gold with her students. have a heart of stone Definition: be cold and unresponsive, unforgiving Dont make him angry. He has a heart of stone.I cant believe how he treats his children. Hes got a heart of stone. have an ax to grind Definition: complain about something often He has an ax to grind against his health care provider.I know you have an ax to grind against Agatha, but stop complaining! have an in with someone Definition: have special access to someone (often used at work) She has an in with the boss. Let her ask him for permission.I wish I had an in with the director so I could get a promotion. have a one-track mind Definition: always thinking about one thing He has a one track mind. He cant talk about anything besides golf.Do you have a one-track mind? have a soft spot in your heart for someone or something Definition: love or adore a thing or person Ive got a soft spot in my heart for Maria Callas.He has a soft spot in his heart for pinball! have a sweet tooth Definition: like sweets too much I know you have a sweet tooth, but you need to be careful.I need to watch my weight, especially because I have a sweet tooth. have clean hands Definition: to without guilt, guiltless Dont blame him, he has clean hands.The man claimed to have clean hands in the crime. have egg on ones face Definition: be embarrassed after having done something very stupid I had egg on my face after I asked that stupid question.I dont think he realizes he has egg on his face. have eyes in the back of your head Definition: seem able to follow everything that is going on, even though you do not focus on it She has eyes in the back of her head. Be careful!The students believed their teacher had eyes in the back his head. have mixed feelings Definition: to be uncertain about something or someone Janice has mixed feelings about Ken.Brad has mixed feelings about buying a new car. have money to burn Definition: have an excess of money Dont worry about it! Shes got money to burn.Do you think I have money to burn?! Of course, I cant buy you a diamond ring. have your hands tied Definition: be prevented from doing something Im afraid I have my hands tied and cant help you.Peter told me he had his hands tied on the Franklin deal. have your head in the clouds Definition: to not pay attention to what is going on around you Doug had his head in the clouds all the time he was at university.Do you have your head in the clouds?! Pay attention! have your tail between your leg Definition: be afraid of something, not have the ​courage to do something He just couldnt approach her. He seemed to have his tail between his legs.Janet went to her father with her tail between her legs and asked for forgiveness. have other fish to fry Definition: have more important things to do, have other opportunities Look. I have other fish to fry, so just say yes or no.Susan had other fish to fry and left her position at the bank. have someone or something in your hands Definition: have the responsibility for someone or something I have the project in my hands. If you have any questions, come to me.She had her boyfriend in her hands. She could do anything. have the Midas touch Definition: have the ability to easily be successful Hell succeed. Hes got the Midas touch.Ask her to approach those difficult clients. She has the Midas touch. have the presence of mind to do something Definition: stay calm in a dangerous or frightening, or emergency situation He had the presence of mind to cover her up before he went to find help.Alice has the presence of mind to take along some extra food before setting out on the hike.

International Perspectives in Childhood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Perspectives in Childhood - Essay Example Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom provide a diverse range of social, economic and political contexts. Including this, they have various policies directed towards the education and care of young children. In this paper, an evaluation between the pre-schooling practices in Sweden, Italy and United Kingdom, exploring the social, political and economic factors influencing pre-schooling in these countries and to critical analysis of the role of children’s right in pre-schools these countries is discussed. Sweden, Italy and U.K are rank in the most top 21 developing countries in the world in childcare well-being Sweden 5.0, Italy 10.0 and U.K 18.2. The UNICEF report card 7 (The United Nations Children’s Fund, 2007). It is discussed in the paper that Sweden offers a maximum fee policy, which lets parents to spend between 1% and 3 % of their family’s income on the childcare. It depends on the number of children they have. Whereas the government of the United Kingdom o ffers 12.5 hours of free early learning in a week, which is applicable to all form of childcare for at least 28 weeks of the year (Guardian, 2008). The paper also discusses the structure of the classes and the approach of teaching adopted by the three countries. The discussion ends on the conclusion where it decides the Swedish nurseries to have the best approach and providing more freedom for the children to play and explore new things. This way, without forcing children, they become geared up to learn new things at appropriate time (Bennett, 2001). Political factor surrounding these countries In Sweden the maximum rate is LIMITED to ?102 a month which is ?1224 a year, families pay less for a second child and a third is around 0.025% or 1% of the family income (Sundelin, 2008). This is because In Sweden, preschools can either run privately or publically. Municipal government of Sweden is responsible for providing preschool, after three to four years. The government made sure that t he places are provided at a reasonable price, including meals. For Swedish children, the maximum cost for the preschool is SEK 1,260 per month for every child. (Sweden.Se, 2011). In the U.K the average yearly preschool parents spend for 25 hours per week stands at ?5,028 per child (Daycare Trust, 2011). The childcare provided in UK is expensive and most of the times parents cannot afford it. Same is the case with Italy, where the daycare centers are not only expensive and limited but offer less number of hours per day, which makes the parents’ job a difficult task. Thus, when the statistics are compared, it is seen that the preschool educators of the three countries are trying to provide facilities to the young children; likewise they are promoting educational structure in their countries. However, the stability that is provided by Sweden is the best. Parents may want to go back to work but good quality childcare is not really affordable for most people that work in the U.K a nd Italy, some people may find it more beneficial not to go back to work and get help from the government for childcare, which have a huge impact on the economy. The government policy in Sweden makes it affordable for their people to go back to work and still have quality childcare. The government not only shares the economical burden of the children’s education, they also give children best day care facilities that can help the parents to continue their job while the children are in safe hands. In Sweden the max

Tort - Negligence Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tort - Negligence Assessment - Essay Example Other relevant legislations which have been made and may be applicable to this case may also be included in the catchword. The purpose of the catchwords is to help one summarise at a glance, the facts surrounding a court case. The same are also used in compiling case reports. Mostly, legal publishers are the ones who make the catchwords as parts of the head notes and summaries surrounding a case. The key facts are summarised in case reports and are summarised include the head note, the citation of the case and the law reporter. Sometimes, the Latin or law French are mentioned. All these are listed in the line which specifies whether the case is first instance or is on appeal. If this is the case, catchwords may come after the names of the judges and the hearing and judgement dates, respectively. The legal publisher or any person working for legal publisher may write this report or catchword. The part of the report may either be referred to by its self-titled name, catchwords or catchphrases. Apart from the aforementioned facts surrounding the case, the legal publisher will have to specify whether the case is taking place for the first time, or is an appeal or cross appeal. The key issue on which the court had to decide is the duty of care, and whether or not the defendant had fully met it. In this case, the use of negligent misstatements and negligent preparation of reports for a company serve as key issue. Apart from the general provisions of the common law, it will be important to consider the principle of Hedley Byrne v Heller in constructing a sound verdict. Initially, the courts made a ruling in favour of the auditors, saying that the auditors did not owe the plaintiffs any duty of care. The Court of Appeal ruled in favour of the plaintiff, saying that the auditors owed the plaintiffs duty of care as shareholders. Finally, the cross-appeal by the auditors made a ruling in favour of the auditors, observing

How Women Are Affected By Poverty Sociology Essay

How Women Are Affected By Poverty Sociology Essay In recent years, focus has been on discovering if poverty is gendered, that is to say to what extent women may be more at threat of poverty than men. In this essay I shall be discussing how women are affected by poverty and what factors lead to women being poorer than men. Peter Townsend et al (1987) have argued that there has been a feminisation of poverty, this term may be understood in various ways, it may refer to the increased risk of poverty or the increased visibility of womens poverty it may also refer to the reconstruction of poverty from a womans viewpoint. It is difficult to compare the poverty of men and women because statistics are usually based on households and this suggests that household incomes are shared evenly between adult members. Glendinning and Millar (1987 maintain that men get a larger share in most cases and this may echo their higher earning ability and the fact that in many households men still make the decisions of how money is spent. It has been shown that women are more likely to be poorer than men, although their poverty has often been masked behind studies that focused on male-headed households Ruspini (2000). Townsend acknowledges four groups which make up the majority of the female poor, these consist of women who take care of children and other dependents they are unpaid and are unable to take up employment. There are also lone women with children who dip in and out of employment. Then there are elderly women like pensioners who live alone. There are also women with low earnings where the incomes of others in the household do not contribute towards the total household income to enable the womens income to go over the poverty line. Women unquestionably tend to experience more poverty than men because their labour both unpaid and paid is undervalued, in addition women have always experienced work in a different way from men. A private and public split has always existed where women were seen as belonging in the private sphere of hearth and home and the ideologically constructed family, whereas men were seen as belonging in the public sphere of the market and the state. In terms of work, three main reasons for why womens poverty continues have been identified, the first is because a third of all women of working age still remain outside the labour market almost twice the proportion for men, they do not have equal access to the core of the labour market and they are disproportionately represented within part-time and lower paid jobs and on average women are paid less than men. The New Labour government has aimed to maximize labour force involvement by supporting (the idea of work-life balance) and trying to make it easier for people to merge paid work and family life. In-work benefits and tax credits were introduced as incentives however the working families tax credit has been more beneficial to women earners than those whose main income comes through male partners since it is more likely to be paid through the pay packet. The development of a National Childcare Strategy was also introduced but it does not measure up to the levels of childcare provi sion to be found in most other European countries. The second reason involves the responsibility women have for most of the tasks associated with social reproduction in the way of unpaid care work and domestic labour. The third reason is the sharing of income and resources within families, in the majority of cases this does not benefit women. Individuals can be poor in households with adequate incomes. This finding has important implications for policy initiatives aimed at the relief of poverty (Pahl 1989; Kempson 1996). Other forms of inequality have persisted within the public sphere, Gillian Pascall (1997) and others have argued that while women now make up a high proportion of the public sector workforce in healthcare, social work and education, they remain under represented in senior and management positions. This is characteristic of the sticky floor where women are concentrated in specific occupations with low pay and status and what they do at work is often similar to what they do at home, although the introduction of the minimum wage in April 1999 has been beneficial to women who are dependent on low paid work but not to other wage groups. Though most health service workers are women, most of the surgeons are men and it is largely men who control health and social services including services that concern women, for instance reproductive healthcare, as well as support for informal carers and the education system. This is typical of the glass ceiling where women are less likely to hold senior positions and when they do hold senior positions they have to work harder and for longer hours in jobs that are classed as mens work. In the 1970s 70 percent of managers were men and today 90 percent of judges are men. Anti discrimination legislation has sought to outlaw all forms of sex discrimination but this has mostly brought about advances for individual women but has not benefited all women although it has improved the practices of most employers as well as raising public awareness. While the education system no longer just prepares girls for domesticity, it is tending to equip them for sub- servient occupations especially in the public sector on the other hand it has also expanded womens options in the labour market. Despite the fact that women have been allowed to vote and participate in the democratic process on the same terms as men since 1928, in 2000 only 20 percent of Westminster Members of Parliament were women and in 2001 only 28 percent of local government councillors were women (EOC 2001). Although there has been a feminisation of the labour market, the increase in womens workforce participation can have disastrous effects on their health because of the double burden they have to shoulder, at home they take care of children and perform domestic tasks which are unpaid as well as doing their paid job. The General Household Survey of 1998 showed that the majority of carers were women who provided more than a hundred hours of care per week which was far more than any paid worker would do. It has been shown that caring is costly in various ways, for one there is loss of earnings and the rate of adults providing care who are in paid employment is low, the effect is even greater for women than men and greatest of all in the case of a mother providing care for a disabled child Arber and Ginn(1995): Baldwin (1985). In addition costs that are associated with disability like house adaptations to accommodate special equipment and higher transport costs. There is also the cost to the carer in terms of the stress and strain (Glendinning and Millar1992; Pahl 2006). Social policy is beginning to acknowledge the contribution of carers, one way was the introduction of the Carers Act 1985 which imposed an obligation on local authorities, however the support that carers receive is still limited. Financial support is also provided by the social security system with benefits like carers allowance and disabled persons tax credit for low paid disabled workers. There are also many ways in which care can be paid for Ungerson (2000); see also Ungerson (2006). The way social security is arranged and its effects on women can be attributed to the architects of the welfare system who were so used to patriarchal assumptions about respective roles of male breadwinners and female homemakers that the National Insurance system for example was founded on the idea that married women would mainly be financially dependent on their husbands and although obvious biased elements have since been removed, the inheritance of the assumptions on which the system was founded remains. Lewis and Piachaud (1992) demonstrated that women have always been poorer than men by showing the proportion of women amongst adults in receipt of poor relief or social assistance was at around 60 percent and was the same at the end of the 20th century. Women are the main recipients of most benefits and rely more on means tested benefits even though it means greater personal scrutiny, rather than contribution based benefits like jobseekers allowance, incapacity benefit and industrial injury benefit because these types of benefit rely on the recipient having been employed, and for women their work patterns are sometimes interrupted when they take time out to raise children and therefore their national insurance contributions are affected. Women are also in some cases hidden claimants because they receive benefits as dependents of male breadwinners, and for this reason, the welfare state may also function directly to make women dependent on men, although housing and social security provision has provided at least some measure of independence to women like those escaping from violent or dysfunctional relationships. Donzelot (1979) has observed that families seem to have extended functions and are subject by the welfare state to greater levels of surveillance and control for example womens performance as mothers and informal carers may be subject to supervision by healthcare and social service professionals. The family has not lost its functions, but it has lost control. It is still the major arena for the care of dependents, but traditional female tasks are now defined and managed outside the family and by men. Pascall (1997: 23). This is seen in the cases of lone parents 90 percent of whom are women who will have social assistance benefits withdrawn if they should cohabit and they can be compelled to cooperate with the making of child support assessments against the father(s) of their child(ren). In terms of work the, mother -as-work policy ignores that child care is also work and lone mothers stand little chance of becoming equal stakeholders because they must be both breadwinners and carers, and the position at present is that lone mothers are likely to be praised for the paid work they do and condemned as welfare dependent for the unpaid work they do and the eradication of the Lone Parent Premium to income support which directly disadvantaged many lone parents most of whom are women. In recent years studies have shown that pensioners are far more likely than the working population to experience ongoing poverty, between 1998 and 2001, 18 percent of pensioners experienced persistent poverty as compared to 7 percent of the working population. Studies have also found that in recent decades older women and those from ethnic minorities are more likely to experience poverty than other pensioners. Findings from these studies led Chancellor of the Exchequer Gordon Brown to state in 2002: Our aim is to end pensioner poverty in our country. the introduction of a pension credit in October 2003 which guaranteed a minimum income of half of those people in this age group in the UK attempted to meet this goal but the success of this policy depends on all those entitled to claiming the benefit actually doing so Flaherty et al (2004). The majority of people over state pension age do retire from the labour market, but as longevity has increased the labour markets have tightened and retirement has become in Townsends words a kind of mass redundancy (1991:6). As a group, old peoples vulnerability to poverty is not as great as it was in the post second world war period, but this should not mask the fact that there is now greater inequality between older people than before. Since the number of old people both as a proportion of the total population and in absolute terms has grown this means that pensioner poverty is still a major issue. The employment of older people can be sensitive to changes in the labour market conditions and they may be shut out of jobs when the demand for labour falls. Age concern (see McEwan 1990), argue that older people are frequently subject to discrimination if they choose to re-enter the labour market often on mistaken assumptions about their reliability and adaptability. Additionally when older people do eventually become frail they suffer the same problems associated with disability. The lack of provision of universal pension in this country is out of sync with most industrialised countries, although the introduction of stakeholder pensions for people with no access to private pensions and the introduction of free eye tests has gone some way in helping pensioners at a disadvantage. Feminists tend to view welfare state provision as being important for improving womens lives but it also reinforces female dependency on men and the sexual division of labour. Some strands of feminism stress that women are closer to nature and are naturally more caring and less aggressive and they address the world in a different voice Gilligan (1982). Other strands of feminism discard this view and assert that the gendered nature of society is the exact product of power relations and patriarchy. It is a result of the dominance of men over women and can be rejected. So in conclusion, having assessed and considered all the evidence and studies on gender and poverty, it is clear that although successive governments have through legislation and policies attempted to lessen the poverty of women, the gap between the sexes still exists and women are still very disadvantaged and are poorer than men and a major reason is the structure of the welfare state which contributes to and reinforces the differences.

Copyrights: Intellectual Property and Technology Essay -- essays resea

Copyrights: Intellectual Property and Technology The Government and many other agencies around the world are continuously at work to improve protections for intellectual property rights and the enforcement of intellectual property laws. In today’s age of digital madness, passing legislation and actually enforcing of those laws becomes a very daunting task. However, the protection of intellectual property has both individual and social benefits. It protects the right of the creator of something of value to be compensated for what he or she has created, and by so doing; it encourages production of valuable, intangible, creative work In order to understand the difficulties surrounding the laws associated with intellectual property an understanding of the term is needed. The Louisiana State Bar Association defines intellectual property as the product of someone's mental efforts. It is usually intangible, and its value lies in its appeal to others who might wish to use it or the goods it describes. Intellectual property can be covered and categorized into three separate protective laws; those include copyrights, patents and trademarks. The true key to understanding intellectual property protection is to understand that the thing protected is the intangible creative work, not the particular physical form in which it is embodied (Baase, 2003, p. 235). This paper will discuss the ideas and laws behind copyrights as intellectual property along with the daunting task of protecting that property in a digital age where piracy seems to be commonplace. The fair-use laws and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) of 1998 will also be covered, along with the challenges faced by those who choose to use the fair-use laws for educational purposes, and the impact that the DMCA has had on this law. Finally this paper will discuss what can be learned from having a basic understanding of copyright laws and the impact on world economics that the breaking of these laws could possibly cause. Examining intellectual property can spark the old argument that standing is more tiring than walking paradox, how do you differentiate between an idea and a creative expression. Copyrights protect a creative expression, which is the expression, selection, and arrangement of ideas. The boundary between an idea and the expression of an idea is often not clear (Baase, 2003, p. 236). Most people... ...industry will quickly realize that consumers eventually get tired of being slapped on the wrist for obeying the law, and this is basically what the DMCA has done to people that actually follow the fair use laws. The actual impact of boycotting the industry would be an economic disaster. This will most likely never happen, but Congress is posed with a great task in front them. The first step towards ensuring copyrights and fair use laws would be to ban the use of technology that is produced for the sole purpose of circumventing copyrights. Congress should then either redefine the Digital Millennium Copyright Act or do away with it completely. Infringement on copyright laws will never completely disappear but managing the problem without stepping on the toes of the owners or the consumer can definitely be accomplished with the right application and redefinition of copyright laws and the fair use doctrine. A new digital age calls for new types of protection without overstepping the boundaries of what is fair and what is not. References Baase, S. (2003). A Gift of Fire: Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for Computers and the Internet. 2nd Ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Piece on “The lake” Essay

My head rested peacefully against the bark of the willow tree, my back floated on a bed of grass and my feet were gliding in the calm water of the lake, occasionally being nibbled by various fish. It was the perfect atmosphere to have a little nap; however I knew that if I fell asleep I would regret getting to admire the lake’s precious beauty on this spectacular day. The sky was as clear as sapphire, the sun was a rosy apricot colour and was surrounded by pillows of clouds and somehow my imagination managed to convince me that there were little angels dancing and prancing above them. The sky looked even more radiant in the lake’s refection; it added a glittery appeal to it, magical. I gazed wondrously towards the other side of the lake where the troop of trees stood, practically hugging each other. I enjoyed watching the giant trees sway with each other as if they were moving towards nature’s music. On my side of the lake, there was a choir of frogs chattering and birds chirping. I sang a little melody too, but the frogs and birds suddenly stopped, they must have disliked my tune. As I was about to rest my eyes a little, nature woke me up. The calming breeze tickled my ear lobes and I could faintly hear it whispering secrets to me. Every time the wind passed by, it left behind a scent of maple and berries so strong that it made my nose twitch. It smelt heavenly organic yet delightfully tasty. When I took a careful look at the lake, it looked similar to a heart shape; just one side was slightly bigger. The colour of the water was like an innocent girl’s eyes, so pure. It was a dark turquoise and if you looked  carefully you could see the luminous scales of various fish. Every now and then a heard of teeny tiny jump fish would be racing across the glowing surface of the lake as if they were being chased by the police. The lake was indescribably beautiful as it was but looking at what was on land around it was just the icing on top of the cake. Flowers bloomed as if they were living the last day of their life; bees flew as if there was no hurry; dears drank water as if there were no predators and birds sang as if they were in a symphony. The wind softly whispers through the trees as I rest on the soft green bed beneath me, peaceful feelings overtake me and my spirits seem to soar from within just like the birds circling above me.

Nature Vs. Nurture Is Our Personality Affected By Nature...

Nature vs. Nurture Is our personality affected by nature or nurture? Key terms: Nature- It is based on genetic predispositions and refers to physical and personality traits determined by a person’s genes which cannot be changed Nurture- It refers to how someone is differs depending on life experiences, the way something is taught and the environment in which they grew up in. Personality- It is made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that make a person unique. Eudemonia- It is a satisfied state of being happy, healthy and successful. Abstract: A person’s personality and their eudemonia are what shapes a person’s life. However the reason behind these concepts are still debated as to whether they are affected by nature or by nurture. The Genetic Influences on Psychological Well-Being: A Nationally Representative Twin Study was a study led by Prof Timothy Bates in 2012. It was held at the University of Edinburgh and was held because they wanted to solve whether nature or nurture influenced a person’s eudemonia and personality. The study focused on personality traits which contribute to our chances of success in life. For example, how determined we are to succeed by overcoming challenges. The method used was to collect data from more than 800 sets of identical and non-identical twins. Then the 42-item Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale was used to measure the psychological well-being. The result of the case was that nature is responsibleShow MoreRelatedAdoption : Nature Vs Nurture1216 Words   |  5 Pag esEric Fraley 4th hour English 3 Mrs. Laluzerne Jan, 12, 2016 Adoption Nature vs Nurture What makes someone an unique individual? Centuries of ancestors, genetics, evolution and heredity, or is what makes someone who they are based simply on how they were raised and what sort of environment they were raised in? The idea of Nature vs Nurture was created in 1869 in a book called Hereditary Genius by Francis Galton. In his book, he explains his findings on his exploration of the inheritance andRead MoreNature vs. Nurture in Frankenstein by Mary Shelley884 Words   |  4 PagesNature (our genes) and nurture (our environment) affect our individual differences in behavior and personality. In the novel Frankenstein, Mary Shelley addresses the conflict of nature vs. nurture. Victor Frankenstein creates a child whom he abandons upon birth. This brings up questions such as, was the creature genetically inclined to be evil, or did the hostility he encountered turn him evil? Are ones surroundings determined by who they become later in life? Does nurture form ones characteristic sRead MoreThe Concepts Of Nature Vs Nurture1273 Words   |  6 Pages The concepts of Nature vs Nurture, are major concepts in social science. Nature is the hereditary pattern of physical features in a human being s development. 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Though this matter is only answered through individual perception, with nature being genetics and nurture servingRead MoreNature vs. Nurture: A Biblical Perspective1182 Words   |  5 PagesThe Nature versus Nurture debate has been ongoing for centuries. People have tried to gain power through knowledge in determining what causes the human â€Å"mind to tick.† For centuries leaders and scientists have performed unethical and immoral studies to determine why two people with similar genetic composition can come from similar backgrounds and turn out so differently. I have witnessed a person raised in a po or home by parents with drug addictions become a thriving contributable member of society